Implementation of a standardized approach to borderline resectable pancreatic cancer in a multisite community oncology program

• Main Authors: Jonathan S. Bleeker, MD, Christopher J. Sumey, MD, Steven F. Powell, MD, Preston D. Steen, MD, Michael D. Keppen, MD, Michele Lohr, MD, Thavam Thambi-Pillai, MD, Peter Kurniali, MD, Miroslaw Mazurczak, MD, Mark M. Gitau, MD, Miran J. Blanchard, MD, Ryan K. Nowak, MD, Steven McGraw, MD, Robert Sticca, MD, Daniel Tuvin, MD, Gary Timmerman, MD
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier 2020-10-01
• Series: Surgery Open Science
• Online Access: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589845020300208

Background: Treatment paradigms for borderline resectable pancreatic cancer are evolving with increasing use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and neoadjuvant chemoradiation. Variations in the definition of borderline resectable pancreatic cancer and neoadjuvant approaches have made standardizing care for borderline resectable pancreatic cancer difficult. We report an effort to standardize management of borderline resectable pancreatic cancer throughout Sanford Health, a large community oncology network. Methods: Starting in October 2013, cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma without known metastatic disease were categorized as borderline resectable pancreatic cancer if they met ≥1 of the following criteria: (1) abutment of superior mesenteric, common hepatic, or celiac arteries with <180° involvement, (2) venous involvement deemed potentially suitable for reconstruction, and/or (3) biopsy-proven lymph node involvement. Patients with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by reimaging and surgery if venous involvement had improved; if disease remained borderline resectable, patients underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiation and surgical exploration as long as reimaging did not reveal evidence of progressive disease. Results: Forty-three patients from October 2013 to April 2017 were diagnosed with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer. Twelve of 42 (29%) patients proceeded to surgical exploration directly after neoadjuvant chemotherapy; 23 (55%) received neoadjuvant chemoradiation. Overall, 28/43 (65%) underwent exploration with 19 (44%) able to undergo resection. Of those, 14/19 (74%) attained R0 resection and 11/19 (58%) were pathologic N0. No pretreatment or treatment variables were associated with resection rates; resection was the only variable associated with survival. Conclusion: This report demonstrates the feasibility of implementing a standardized approach to borderline resectable pancreatic cancer across multiple sites over a wide geographic area. Adherence to protocol therapies was good and surgical outcomes are similar to many reported series.