| Summary: | Vien X Nguyen1, Vi Thuy Le Nguyen2, Cuong C Nguyen11Department of Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA; 2Department of Pharmacy, Banner Baywood Medical Center, Mesa, AZ, USAAbstract: The field of endoscopy has revolutionized the diagnosis and treatment of ­gastrointestinal (GI) diseases in recent years. Besides the ‘traditional’ endoscopic ­procedures (esophagogastroduodenoscopy, colonoscopy, flexible sigmoidoscopy, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography), advances in imaging technology (endoscopic ultrasonography, ­wireless capsule endoscopy, and double balloon enteroscopy) have allowed GI specialists to detect and manage disorders throughout the digestive system. This article reviews various ­endoscopic procedures and provides up-to-date endoscopic indications based on the ­recommendations of American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy and American Cancer Society for primary care providers in order to achieve high-quality and cost-effective care.Keywords: endoscopy, endoscopic indications, endoscopic procedures, imaging, primary care, gastrointestinal disorders, appropriate use
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