| Summary: | Background and Objectives: Patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), a common malignancy in Asian countries, have a poor prognosis. We investigated the role of Krüppel-like factor 17 (KLF17) and its prognostic significance in OSCC. Materials and Methods: KLF17 expression was measured by immunohistochemical staining of specimens from 283 patients with OSCC. We analyzed correlations between KLF17 expression and clinicopathologic features and between KLF17 expression and overall survival. The prognostic value of KLF17 was tested using Kaplan−Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard models. Results: Among the 283 patients, high KLF17 expression was significantly associated with an early OSCC stage and low <i>T</i>-value (<i>p</i> = 0.033 and <i>p</i> = 0.036, respectively). The five-year survival rates were better in patients with high KLF17 expression than with low expression (66.5% and 49.6%, respectively). The prognostic role of KLF17 was further confirmed through multivariate analysis (hazard ratio 1.506, 95% confidence interval 1.034−2.191, <i>p</i> = 0.033). The prognostic value was more significant in patients with a history of betel quid chewing or with a low <i>T</i>-value. Conclusions: High KLF17 expression can serve as a marker for a favorable prognosis in patients with OSCC. The prognostic role of KLF17 is more significant in patients with a history of betel quid chewing or a low <i>T</i>-value.
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