| Summary: | <p><strong>Objective:</strong> to study trends in the incidence and prevalence of chronic pharyngitis, nasopharyngitis, sinusitis, and rhinitis (CPNSR) in different<br />age groups in Moscow and the Russian Federation (RF) in the period 1996 to 2009.</p><p><br /><strong>Materials and methods.</strong> The epidemic significance of CPNSR in Moscow and the RF was estimated, by analyzing the records available in the annual official statistical sources (Form No. 12).</p><p><br /><strong>Results.</strong> The incidence of CPNSR in Moscow in the study period remains lower than those in the RF. Its prevalence among the population in the city and in the country as a whole shows a significant increasing trend. Among the adolescents in both Moscow and the RF, the incidence of CPNSR is higher than that in children and constitutes 24.4 and 31.6 versus 3.3 and 21.8 per 10,000 population, respectively. The children<br />and adolescents in the RF are the highest risk groups in the incidence of CPNSR. In 2009, its prevalence rates in Moscow and the RF were 99.5 and 121.3 per 10,000, respectively; which were well above those in 2007 (81.2 and 117.5 per 10,000, respectively).</p><p><br /><strong>Conclusion.</strong> The high incidence and prevalence rates for CPNSR remain high in all population strata in Moscow and the RF, which may be associated with decreased diagnostic alertness and inadequate treatment for upper airway diseases.</p>
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