A survey of monitoring tap water hardness in Japan and its distribution patterns

Abstract We conducted a comprehensive overall tap water hardness assessment for Japan. Tap water was collected from 665 points throughout Japan, and its standing position was quantitatively clarified by prefecture. The mean and median hardness of tap water in Japan was 48.9 ± 25.8 (1σ SD) and 46.0 m...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Mayumi Hori, Katsumi Shozugawa, Kenji Sugimori, Yuichiro Watanabe
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Publishing Group 2021-06-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-92949-8

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