| Summary: | Introduction. Oligomeganephronia (OMN) is one of rare congenital kidney
disease. The number of nephrons reduces and the volume of glomerulus
increases. The incidence of OMN is uncertain because it is difficult to
diagnose. There are no any special clinical manifestations of OMN. Renal
pathology is the only way to diagnose OMN, so missed diagnosis always happens
without renal pathology. Case Outline. A 26-year-old male was diagnosed OMN
associated with proteinuria and increased serum creatinine. The size of both
kidneys on ultrasound was smaller than normal. Pathological features involved
a reduced number of greatly enlarged glomeruli indicating OMN. Conclusion.
OMN is a rare disease and it has been rarely reported. The exact mechanism is
not clear. The diagnosis mainly depends on pathological findings. For
patients with OMN, proteinuria and renal dysfunction are often the main cause
to visit a doctor. Early diagnosis is important.
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