Langerhans cell histiocytosis of the maxillae in a child treated only with chemotherapy: a case report

• Main Authors: Angela Pia Cazzolla, Giuseppe Troiano, Khrystyna Zhurakivska, Eugenio Maiorano, Gianfranco Favia, Maria Grazia Lacaita, Giuseppe Marzo, Franca Dicuonzo, Stefano Andresciani, Lorenzo Lo Muzio
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: BMC 2017-05-01
• Series: Journal of Medical Case Reports
• Subjects: Langerhans cell histiocytosis; Children; Chemotherapy treatment; Case report
• Online Access: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13256-017-1286-3

Abstract Background Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a sporadic disease caused by an uncontrolled pathogenic clonal proliferation of dendritic cells that have Langerhans cell characteristics. New treatment protocols provided by the HISTSOC-LCH-III (NCT00276757) trial show an improvement in the survival of children with langerhans cell histiocytosis. Case presentation We report a case of Langerhans cell histiocytosis, which presented as an osteolytic lesion of the left pre-maxillae enclosing the deciduous incisor and canine in a 7-month-old white Italian boy. He was treated with chemotherapy. He achieved complete remission after 7 months and after 24 months no signs of recurrence were observed. Conclusions As a result of this treatment, anesthetic sequelae and loss of teeth were avoided; in addition, we prevented a loss of the vertical dimension of occlusion.