Kinetics and thermodynamics of the formation of trihalomethanes

• Main Authors: Mamdouh S. Masoud, Amel M. Ismail, Mostafa M. El-Hoshy
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: SpringerOpen 2019-05-01
• Series: Applied Water Science
• Subjects: Trihalomethanes; Thermodynamic parameters of activation; Rate constant; Khandaq El-Sharqi canal; Egypt
• Online Access: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13201-019-0981-1

Abstract The effect of contact time and temperature on the formation of trihalomethanes (THMs) was studied during the chlorination of Khandaq El-Sharqi canal, Egypt, under laboratory condition. Samples were collected from four positions of Khandaq El-Sharqi canal (Itay El-Baroud, Dinshal, Damanhour and El-Zawya). Increasing trihalomethanes formation has been observed with increasing contact time and temperature. In the presence of excess chlorine, trihalomethanes formation proceeds as a pseudo-first-order reaction. The rate constants of the formation of trihalomethanes at different temperatures (10, 20, 30 and 40 °C) were calculated. Values of rate constant given for chloroform (CFM), bromodichloromethane (BDCM), dibromochloromethane (DBCM) and total trihalomethanes (TTHMs) approached each other, whereas chloroform attained a higher value for each temperature. Thermodynamic parameters of activation (ΔH #, ΔS # and ΔG #) for the formation of trihalomethanes were calculated by least square procedure program at 25 °C. The data showed that there is no significant change observed in ΔG #, and this is presumably due to the compensation between ΔH # and ΔS # to each other.