Transport Mechanisms for CO2-CH4 Exchange and Safe CO2 Storage in Hydrate-Bearing Sandstone

CO2 injection in hydrate-bearing sediments induces methane (CH4) production while benefitting from CO2 storage, as demonstrated in both core and field scale studies. CH4 hydrates have been formed repeatedly in partially water saturated Bentheim sandstones. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and CH4 co...

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Main Authors: Knut Arne Birkedal, Lars Petter Hauge, Arne Graue, Geir Ersland
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2015-05-01
Series:Energies
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/8/5/4073
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spelling doaj-582c6144b61249fb9f8e4ee4249278862020-11-24T23:37:33ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732015-05-01854073409510.3390/en8054073en8054073Transport Mechanisms for CO2-CH4 Exchange and Safe CO2 Storage in Hydrate-Bearing SandstoneKnut Arne Birkedal0Lars Petter Hauge1Arne Graue2Geir Ersland3Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, 5007 Bergen, NorwayDepartment of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, 5007 Bergen, NorwayDepartment of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, 5007 Bergen, NorwayDepartment of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, 5007 Bergen, NorwayCO2 injection in hydrate-bearing sediments induces methane (CH4) production while benefitting from CO2 storage, as demonstrated in both core and field scale studies. CH4 hydrates have been formed repeatedly in partially water saturated Bentheim sandstones. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and CH4 consumption from pump logs have been used to verify final CH4 hydrate saturation. Gas Chromatography (GC) in combination with a Mass Flow Meter was used to quantify CH4 recovery during CO2 injection. The overall aim has been to study the impact of CO2 in fractured and non-fractured samples to determine the performance of CO2-induced CH4 hydrate production. Previous efforts focused on diffusion-driven exchange from a fracture volume. This approach was limited by gas dilution, where free and produced CH4 reduced the CO2 concentration and subsequent driving force for both diffusion and exchange. This limitation was targeted by performing experiments where CO2 was injected continuously into the spacer volume to maintain a high driving force. To evaluate the effect of diffusion length multi-fractured core samples were used, which demonstrated that length was not the dominating effect on core scale. An additional set of experiments is presented on non-fractured samples, where diffusion-limited transportation was assisted by continuous CO2 injection and CH4 displacement. Loss of permeability was addressed through binary gas (N2/CO2) injection, which regained injectivity and sustained CO2-CH4 exchange.http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/8/5/4073CO2 sequestrationCO2 exchangegas hydrate productiontemperature effectsdiffusionexchange driving force
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Knut Arne Birkedal
Lars Petter Hauge
Arne Graue
Geir Ersland
spellingShingle Knut Arne Birkedal
Lars Petter Hauge
Arne Graue
Geir Ersland
Transport Mechanisms for CO2-CH4 Exchange and Safe CO2 Storage in Hydrate-Bearing Sandstone
Energies
CO2 sequestration
CO2 exchange
gas hydrate production
temperature effects
diffusion
exchange driving force
author_facet Knut Arne Birkedal
Lars Petter Hauge
Arne Graue
Geir Ersland
author_sort Knut Arne Birkedal
title Transport Mechanisms for CO2-CH4 Exchange and Safe CO2 Storage in Hydrate-Bearing Sandstone
title_short Transport Mechanisms for CO2-CH4 Exchange and Safe CO2 Storage in Hydrate-Bearing Sandstone
title_full Transport Mechanisms for CO2-CH4 Exchange and Safe CO2 Storage in Hydrate-Bearing Sandstone
title_fullStr Transport Mechanisms for CO2-CH4 Exchange and Safe CO2 Storage in Hydrate-Bearing Sandstone
title_full_unstemmed Transport Mechanisms for CO2-CH4 Exchange and Safe CO2 Storage in Hydrate-Bearing Sandstone
title_sort transport mechanisms for co2-ch4 exchange and safe co2 storage in hydrate-bearing sandstone
publisher MDPI AG
series Energies
issn 1996-1073
publishDate 2015-05-01
description CO2 injection in hydrate-bearing sediments induces methane (CH4) production while benefitting from CO2 storage, as demonstrated in both core and field scale studies. CH4 hydrates have been formed repeatedly in partially water saturated Bentheim sandstones. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and CH4 consumption from pump logs have been used to verify final CH4 hydrate saturation. Gas Chromatography (GC) in combination with a Mass Flow Meter was used to quantify CH4 recovery during CO2 injection. The overall aim has been to study the impact of CO2 in fractured and non-fractured samples to determine the performance of CO2-induced CH4 hydrate production. Previous efforts focused on diffusion-driven exchange from a fracture volume. This approach was limited by gas dilution, where free and produced CH4 reduced the CO2 concentration and subsequent driving force for both diffusion and exchange. This limitation was targeted by performing experiments where CO2 was injected continuously into the spacer volume to maintain a high driving force. To evaluate the effect of diffusion length multi-fractured core samples were used, which demonstrated that length was not the dominating effect on core scale. An additional set of experiments is presented on non-fractured samples, where diffusion-limited transportation was assisted by continuous CO2 injection and CH4 displacement. Loss of permeability was addressed through binary gas (N2/CO2) injection, which regained injectivity and sustained CO2-CH4 exchange.
topic CO2 sequestration
CO2 exchange
gas hydrate production
temperature effects
diffusion
exchange driving force
url http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/8/5/4073
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