Soil microorganism quantity and soil enzyme activity in the wheat-garlic intercropping system

• Main Authors: MENG Zi-li, YE Mei-jin, YAN Yan-mei, ZHU Wei, YAN Xiang-quan, ZHU Qian, NI Xue-feng
• Format: Article
• Language: zho
• Published: Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture 2018-08-01
• Series: Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment
• Subjects: wheat, garlic, intercropping, soil, microorganism, enzyme activity
• Online Access: http://www.aed.org.cn/nyzyyhjxb/html/2018/5/20180506.htm
• ISSN: 2095-6819; 2095-6819

The effects of garlic on the number of soil microbes and the activity of soil enzyme in wheat of shangmai156 rhizosphere soil were explored by intercropping garlic in different planting period. The variation of soil microorganism and enzyme activity in the rhizosphere soil of wheat under the different breeding period during the symbiotic period was investigated. The results showed that the number of rhizosphere bacteria of the garlic wheat rhizosphere was significantly higher(<i>P</i><0.01) than that of the control(wheat single cropping), and it was positively related to the planting time of garlic, with the maximum at 140 d, and W1G1(planting garlic 14 days earlier before cropping wheat), W2G2(cropping garlic and wheat at the same date) and W3G3(intercropping garlic 14 days later after sowing wheat) increased by 83.64%, 64.21% and 44.94% respectively. The fungi number of control and treatment increased gradually with the growth period, but the number of fungi of wheat-garlic intercropping in the same period was lower than that of wheat single cropping, and the length of garlic planting was negatively correlated with the number of fungi. The change of nitrifying bacteria and ammoniated bacteria was similar, and with the prolongation of treatment time, the change trend of the single peak was increased first and then decreased, the difference between control and treatments reached extremely significant(<i>P</i><0.01) level, while the treatments were at significant(<i>P</i><0.05) level, with all the maximum value at 120 d, then the index began to decrease. During the intercropping period of garlic, the changes of the activity of phosphatase and urease in the rhizosphere soil of the control and treatment of wheat were the same, all increased with the growth period, and the activity of W1G1, W2G2, W3G3 phosphatase and urease increased by 27.59%, 23.45%, 20.69% and 30.56%, 27.78% and 16.67%, respectively at 160 d. Within 140 d, the activity of catalase increased with the prolongation of the growth period, reached the maximum at 140 d, and then began to decrease. When at 80, 100, 120, 140 d and 160 d, W1G1 increased by 18.19%, 29.21%, 40.51%, 48.78% and 62.71% respectively. It could be seen that the earlier the period of interplanting garlic, the more bacteria, nitrifying bacteria and ammoniated bacteria in wheat rhizosphere, the lower the number of fungi, the higher the activity of phosphatase, urease and catalase, the more beneficial to the improvement of wheat rhizosphere microenvironment and the higher yield in the later period of wheat.