Liet. <em>eikvóti:</em> reik&scaron;mė, daryba, etimologija

• Main Author: Simas Karaliūnas
• Format: Article
• Language: deu
• Published: Vilnius University 2011-10-01
• Series: Baltistica
• Subjects: liet. eikvóti; etimologija
• Online Access: http://www.baltistica.lt/index.php/baltistica/article/view/225

<p><strong>LITH. <em>eikvóti: </em></strong><strong>MEANING, FORMATION AND ETYMOLOGY</strong></p> <p><em>Summary</em></p> <p>Lith. <em>eikvóti </em>(3 p. praes. <em>-</em><em>ó</em><em>ja) </em>and its derivative <em>eikvótojas </em>now have meanings &bdquo;dissipate, waist, squander&rdquo; and &bdquo;squanderer, spendthrift, waster&rdquo;. In old Lithuanian writings (e.g., M. Dauk&scaron;a's Postilė and K. Sirvydas's dictionary) they apparently had also these me&shy;anings, but not &bdquo;administer, manage, run a house, a farm&rdquo; and &bdquo;manager, steward, hou&shy;sekeeper, administrator&rdquo;, as is sometimes supposed. The synonyms both <em>eikl</em><em>ó</em><em>ti </em>(3 p. praes. <em>-</em><em>ó</em><em>ja) </em>and <em>eikslúoti </em>(3 p. praes. -úoja, praet. <em>-ãvo) </em>are found in dialects. This circumstance might be taken to indicate that they are denominatives, derived from respec&shy;tive nouns <em>*aislas/* eiklas </em>&bdquo;mischievous, restless person, fidget, rake&rdquo;, <em>*</em><em>aikslas</em><em>/*</em><em>eikslas </em>&bdquo;id.&rdquo;, as well as <em>и</em><em> </em>stem <em>*</em><em>а</em><em>ikt</em><em>и</em><em>/*</em><em>е</em><em>ikt</em><em>и</em><em>- </em>&bdquo;id.&rdquo; besides <em>о</em><em> </em>stem <em>*aikta- </em>&bdquo;id.&rsquo;, retained in adv. <em>aiktais </em>&bdquo;vainly&ldquo;. The derivational relationship between <em>eikvoti &lt; *eiktvóti &lt; *eiktu-ā- </em>and <em>и </em>stem <em>* aiktu/*eiktu- </em>would be the same as that between <em>nakvóti </em>(3 p. praes. <em>-ója) </em>&bdquo;spend, pass the night (at somebody's place)&rdquo; &lt; <em>*naktvoti &lt; *naktu-ā- </em>and <em>и </em>stem <em>*noktu- </em>&bdquo;night&ldquo; (cf. Lat. <em>посtu </em>&bdquo;at night&rdquo;) against Lith. <em>naktìs </em>&bdquo;id.&ldquo; (with a regular loss of <em>t </em>in the cluster <em>-ktv-).</em></p> <p>Cognates are assumed to be, first, Lith. <em>i&scaron;-aik&scaron;týti </em>(3 p. praes. <em>-aĩk&scaron;to) </em>&bdquo;make disor&shy;derly, throw about, scatter, dissipate&rdquo;, an iterative of the suffix <em>-st- </em>(transformed into <em>-&scaron;t-</em>after <em>k</em>), second, Latv. <em>aikâties </em>(1 p. sing, praes. <em>-ãjuôs) </em>&bdquo;struggle and kick (of sheep when they are sheared; sometimes of children)&rdquo;, <em>aîcinât </em>(1 p. sing, praes. <em>-</em><em>u</em>, <em>-ãju) </em>&bdquo;invite, ask, call&rdquo;. As the meanings &bdquo;pamper, spoil, coddle&rdquo; and &bdquo;make naughty, mischievous; get, be&shy;come spoilt, naighty, dissoluted, wanton&rdquo; may be related, Lith. <em>áiklintis </em>(3 p. praes <em>-inasi) </em>&bdquo;pamper, indulge oneself, a derivative of <em>* </em><em>áiklas </em>&bdquo;naughty, mischievous, spoilt, wan&shy;ton&rdquo;, seems to belong to this group of cognate words, too. Toch. A <em>ekär, </em>B <em>aikare </em>&bdquo;empty&ldquo;, Toch A <em>ekro </em>&bdquo;misarable, poor, scanty&rdquo; could be seen as cognates of Lith. <em>*áiklas </em>&bdquo;naughty, mischievous, spoit, wanton&rdquo;, <em>* </em><em>aiklas/*eiklas </em>&bdquo;mischievous, restless person, fidget, rake&rdquo; with regard to their formatives <em>-r-</em>; <em>-l-</em> and semantic affiliation (semasiologically cf. Lith. <em>dỹkas </em>&bdquo;empty, hollow; naughty, mischievous, spoit&rdquo;). In view of these facts a separate root *aik-/*eik- &bdquo;stir, move, become restless, fidgety; cast, fling, hurl&rdquo; could be reconstructed for Protobaltic. Latv. <em>iecava </em>&bdquo;space behind an oven, space between an oven and wall; stove-pipe&rdquo; and possibly &bdquo;Narev Baltic" <em>ajki </em>&bdquo;time&rdquo;,if it is from <em>*aikai </em>&bdquo;fine, hot weather&rdquo;, would suggest another Protobaltic root *aik-/*eik- &bdquo;burn, become heated, incandesce&rdquo;.</p>