Anemia profile in patients with congestive heart failure a hospital based observational study

• Main Authors: Himanshu Arora, J.P.S. Sawhney, Ashwani Mehta, Arun Mohanty
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier 2018-12-01
• Series: Indian Heart Journal
• Online Access: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0019483218300865

Objectives: Iron deficiency (ID) is an emerging problem in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) and can be a potential therapeutic target. As ID is highly prevalent in the society, it is hypothesized that Indian patients with CHF have high prevalence of ID. Methods: CHF patients (n = 275) were selected and underwent laboratory evaluation including hemoglobin concentration, serum iron, transferrin, ferritin, B12 and folate level. Results: Two hundred and seventy-five patients with heart failure (mean age - 62.72, mean Hb- 10.54 g/dl, 188 males [68.36%] and 87 females [31.64%]) were enrolled in the study. 211 out of 275 (76.7%) were found to be anemic. Out of 275 patients. 148 (53.8%) were diagnosed with iron deficiency. 12.7% (n = 35) were B12 deficient and 5.1% (n = 14) were folate deficient. In the anemic group, ID was present in 130 patients (61.61%), B12 deficiency in 32 patients (15.16%) and folate deficiency in 12 patients (5.68%). In the group of patients without anemia, ID was present in 18 patients (28.12%) while B12 and folate deficiency was present in 3 (4.68%) and 2 (3.12%) patients, respectively. Conclusion: Iron deficiency is present in substantial number while B12 and folate account for a few number of cases. Substantial number of patients without anemia were found to be iron deficient. Keywords: Anemia, Iron, B 12, Folate, Heart failure