Alphaherpesvirus Subversion of Stress-Induced Translational Arrest

Alphaherpesvirus Subversion of Stress-Induced Translational Arrest

In this article, we provide an overview of translational arrest in eukaryotic cells in response to stress and the tactics used specifically by alphaherpesviruses to overcome translational arrest. One consequence of translational arrest is the formation of cytoplasmic compartments called stress granu...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Renée L. Finnen, Bruce W. Banfield
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2016-03-01
Series:Viruses
Subjects:
alphaherpesvirus
translational arrest
stress granules
Online Access:http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/8/3/81
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spelling doaj-559380a3700e4e8a8863f8c81ca3047f2020-11-24T22:52:26ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152016-03-01838110.3390/v8030081v8030081Alphaherpesvirus Subversion of Stress-Induced Translational ArrestRenée L. Finnen0Bruce W. Banfield1Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, CanadaDepartment of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, CanadaIn this article, we provide an overview of translational arrest in eukaryotic cells in response to stress and the tactics used specifically by alphaherpesviruses to overcome translational arrest. One consequence of translational arrest is the formation of cytoplasmic compartments called stress granules (SGs). Many viruses target SGs for disruption and/or modification, including the alphaherpesvirus herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2). Recently, it was discovered that HSV-2 disrupts SG formation early after infection via virion host shutoff protein (vhs), an endoribonuclease that is packaged within the HSV-2 virion. We review this discovery and discuss the insights it has provided into SG biology as well as its potential significance in HSV-2 infection. A model for vhs-mediated disruption of SG formation is presented.http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/8/3/81alphaherpesvirustranslational arreststress granules
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Renée L. Finnen
Bruce W. Banfield
spellingShingle Renée L. Finnen
Bruce W. Banfield
Alphaherpesvirus Subversion of Stress-Induced Translational Arrest
Viruses
alphaherpesvirus
translational arrest
stress granules
author_facet Renée L. Finnen
Bruce W. Banfield
author_sort Renée L. Finnen
title Alphaherpesvirus Subversion of Stress-Induced Translational Arrest
title_short Alphaherpesvirus Subversion of Stress-Induced Translational Arrest
title_full Alphaherpesvirus Subversion of Stress-Induced Translational Arrest
title_fullStr Alphaherpesvirus Subversion of Stress-Induced Translational Arrest
title_full_unstemmed Alphaherpesvirus Subversion of Stress-Induced Translational Arrest
title_sort alphaherpesvirus subversion of stress-induced translational arrest
publisher MDPI AG
series Viruses
issn 1999-4915
publishDate 2016-03-01
description In this article, we provide an overview of translational arrest in eukaryotic cells in response to stress and the tactics used specifically by alphaherpesviruses to overcome translational arrest. One consequence of translational arrest is the formation of cytoplasmic compartments called stress granules (SGs). Many viruses target SGs for disruption and/or modification, including the alphaherpesvirus herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2). Recently, it was discovered that HSV-2 disrupts SG formation early after infection via virion host shutoff protein (vhs), an endoribonuclease that is packaged within the HSV-2 virion. We review this discovery and discuss the insights it has provided into SG biology as well as its potential significance in HSV-2 infection. A model for vhs-mediated disruption of SG formation is presented.
topic alphaherpesvirus
translational arrest
stress granules
url http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/8/3/81
work_keys_str_mv AT reneelfinnen alphaherpesvirussubversionofstressinducedtranslationalarrest
AT brucewbanfield alphaherpesvirussubversionofstressinducedtranslationalarrest
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