The Combined Effects of <i>Varroa destructor</i> Parasitism and Exposure to Neonicotinoids Affects Honey Bee (<i>Apis mellifera</i> L.) Memory and Gene Expression
Honey bees (<i>Apis mellifera</i> L.) are exposed biotic and abiotic stressors but little is known about their combined effect and impact on neural processes such as learning and memory, which could affect behaviours that are important for individual and colony survival. This study measu...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Biology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/9/9/237 |