The endemic plants of Mozambique: diversity and conservation status

An annotated checklist of the 271 strict-endemic taxa (235 species) and 387 near-endemic taxa (337 species) of vascular plants in Mozambique is provided. Together, these taxa constitute c. 9.3% of the total currently known flora of Mozambique and include five strict-endemic genera...

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Main Authors: Iain Darbyshire, Jonathan Timberlake, Jo Osborne, Saba Rokni, Hermenegildo Matimele, Clayton Langa, Castigo Datizua, Camila de Sousa, Tereza Alves, Alice Massingue, Jeneen Hadj-Hammou, Sonia Dhanda, Toral Shah, Bart Wursten
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Pensoft Publishers 2019-12-01
Series:PhytoKeys
Online Access:https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/39020/download/pdf/
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spelling doaj-548d75e131ab4d2ea2c3ba09d5f06f252020-11-25T00:49:48ZengPensoft PublishersPhytoKeys1314-20111314-20032019-12-01136459610.3897/phytokeys.136.3902039020The endemic plants of Mozambique: diversity and conservation statusIain Darbyshire0Jonathan Timberlake1Jo Osborne2Saba Rokni3Hermenegildo Matimele4Clayton Langa5Castigo Datizua6Camila de Sousa7Tereza Alves8Alice Massingue9Jeneen Hadj-Hammou10Sonia Dhanda11Toral Shah12Bart Wursten13Royal Botanic GardensUnaffiliatedRoyal Botanic GardensRoyal Botanic GardensInstituto de Investigação Agrária de MoçambiqueInstituto de Investigação Agrária de MoçambiqueInstituto de Investigação Agrária de MoçambiqueInstituto de Investigação Agrária de MoçambiqueInstituto de Investigação Agrária de MoçambiqueEduardo Mondlane UniversityLancaster UniversityRoyal Botanic GardensRoyal Botanic GardensHerbarium An annotated checklist of the 271 strict-endemic taxa (235 species) and 387 near-endemic taxa (337 species) of vascular plants in Mozambique is provided. Together, these taxa constitute c. 9.3% of the total currently known flora of Mozambique and include five strict-endemic genera (Baptorhachis, Emicocarpus, Gyrodoma, Icuria and Micklethwaitia) and two near-endemic genera (Triceratella and Oligophyton). The mean year of first publication of these taxa is 1959, with a marked increase in description noted following the onset of the two major regional floristic programmes, the “Flora of Tropical East Africa” and “Flora Zambesiaca”, and an associated increase in botanical collecting effort. New taxa from Mozambique continue to be described at a significant rate, with 20 novelties described in 2018. Important plant families for endemic and near-endemic taxa include Fabaceae, Rubiaceae and Euphorbiaceae s.s. There is a high congruence between species-rich plant families and endemism with the notable exceptions of the Poaceae, which is the second-most species rich plant family, but outside of the top ten families in terms of endemism, and the Euphorbiaceae, which is the seventh-most species rich plant family, but third in terms of endemism. A wide range of life-forms are represented in the endemic and near-endemic flora, with 49% being herbaceous or having herbaceous forms and 55% being woody or having woody forms. Manica Province is by far the richest locality for near-endemic taxa, highlighting the importance of the cross-border Chimanimani-Nyanga (Manica) Highlands shared with Zimbabwe. A total of 69% of taxa can be assigned to one of four cross-border Centres of Endemism: the Rovuma Centre, the Maputaland Centre sensu lato, and the two mountain blocks, Chimanimani-Nyanga and Mulanje-Namuli-Ribaue. Approximately 50% of taxa have been assessed for their extinction risk and, of these, just over half are globally threatened (57% for strict-endemics), with a further 10% (17% for strict-endemics) currently considered to be Data Deficient, highlighting the urgent need for targeted conservation of Mozambique’s unique flora. This dataset will be a key resource for ongoing efforts to identify “Important Plant Areas – IPAs” in Mozambique, and to promote the conservation and sustainable management of these critical sites and species, thus enabling Mozambique to meet its commitments under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/39020/download/pdf/
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Iain Darbyshire
Jonathan Timberlake
Jo Osborne
Saba Rokni
Hermenegildo Matimele
Clayton Langa
Castigo Datizua
Camila de Sousa
Tereza Alves
Alice Massingue
Jeneen Hadj-Hammou
Sonia Dhanda
Toral Shah
Bart Wursten
spellingShingle Iain Darbyshire
Jonathan Timberlake
Jo Osborne
Saba Rokni
Hermenegildo Matimele
Clayton Langa
Castigo Datizua
Camila de Sousa
Tereza Alves
Alice Massingue
Jeneen Hadj-Hammou
Sonia Dhanda
Toral Shah
Bart Wursten
The endemic plants of Mozambique: diversity and conservation status
PhytoKeys
author_facet Iain Darbyshire
Jonathan Timberlake
Jo Osborne
Saba Rokni
Hermenegildo Matimele
Clayton Langa
Castigo Datizua
Camila de Sousa
Tereza Alves
Alice Massingue
Jeneen Hadj-Hammou
Sonia Dhanda
Toral Shah
Bart Wursten
author_sort Iain Darbyshire
title The endemic plants of Mozambique: diversity and conservation status
title_short The endemic plants of Mozambique: diversity and conservation status
title_full The endemic plants of Mozambique: diversity and conservation status
title_fullStr The endemic plants of Mozambique: diversity and conservation status
title_full_unstemmed The endemic plants of Mozambique: diversity and conservation status
title_sort endemic plants of mozambique: diversity and conservation status
publisher Pensoft Publishers
series PhytoKeys
issn 1314-2011
1314-2003
publishDate 2019-12-01
description An annotated checklist of the 271 strict-endemic taxa (235 species) and 387 near-endemic taxa (337 species) of vascular plants in Mozambique is provided. Together, these taxa constitute c. 9.3% of the total currently known flora of Mozambique and include five strict-endemic genera (Baptorhachis, Emicocarpus, Gyrodoma, Icuria and Micklethwaitia) and two near-endemic genera (Triceratella and Oligophyton). The mean year of first publication of these taxa is 1959, with a marked increase in description noted following the onset of the two major regional floristic programmes, the “Flora of Tropical East Africa” and “Flora Zambesiaca”, and an associated increase in botanical collecting effort. New taxa from Mozambique continue to be described at a significant rate, with 20 novelties described in 2018. Important plant families for endemic and near-endemic taxa include Fabaceae, Rubiaceae and Euphorbiaceae s.s. There is a high congruence between species-rich plant families and endemism with the notable exceptions of the Poaceae, which is the second-most species rich plant family, but outside of the top ten families in terms of endemism, and the Euphorbiaceae, which is the seventh-most species rich plant family, but third in terms of endemism. A wide range of life-forms are represented in the endemic and near-endemic flora, with 49% being herbaceous or having herbaceous forms and 55% being woody or having woody forms. Manica Province is by far the richest locality for near-endemic taxa, highlighting the importance of the cross-border Chimanimani-Nyanga (Manica) Highlands shared with Zimbabwe. A total of 69% of taxa can be assigned to one of four cross-border Centres of Endemism: the Rovuma Centre, the Maputaland Centre sensu lato, and the two mountain blocks, Chimanimani-Nyanga and Mulanje-Namuli-Ribaue. Approximately 50% of taxa have been assessed for their extinction risk and, of these, just over half are globally threatened (57% for strict-endemics), with a further 10% (17% for strict-endemics) currently considered to be Data Deficient, highlighting the urgent need for targeted conservation of Mozambique’s unique flora. This dataset will be a key resource for ongoing efforts to identify “Important Plant Areas – IPAs” in Mozambique, and to promote the conservation and sustainable management of these critical sites and species, thus enabling Mozambique to meet its commitments under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).
url https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/39020/download/pdf/
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