Dysregulation of neuron differentiation in an autistic savant with exceptional memory

• Main Authors: Jinjing Song, Xiujuan Yang, Ying Zhou, Lei Chen, Xu Zhang, Zhuxi Liu, Weibo Niu, Nengpeng Zhan, Xuelian Fan, Abdul Aziz Khan, Yifang Kuang, Lulu Song, Guang He, Weidong Li
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: BMC 2019-11-01
• Series: Molecular Brain
• Subjects: Autistic savant; Human induced pluripotent stem cells; TBR1; PAX6; FOXP2; Neurons
• Online Access: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13041-019-0507-7

Abstract Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous group of complex neurodevelopmental disorders without a unique or definite underlying pathogenesis. Although savant syndrome is common in ASD, few models are available for studying the molecular and cellular mechanisms of this syndrome. In this study, we generated urinary induced pluripotent stem cells (UiPSCs) from a 13-year-old male autistic savant with exceptional memory. The UiPSC-derived neurons of the autistic savant exhibited upregulated expression levels of ASD genes/learning difficulty-related genes, namely PAX6, TBR1 and FOXP2, accompanied by hypertrophic neural somas, enlarged spines, reduced spine density, and an increased frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents. Although this study involved only a single patient and a single control because of the rarity of such cases, it provides the first autistic savant UiPSC model that elucidates the potential cellular mechanisms underlying the condition.