Experimental Andes virus infection in deer mice: characteristics of infection and clearance in a heterologous rodent host.
New World hantaviruses can cause hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome with high mortality in humans. Distinct virus species are hosted by specific rodent reservoirs, which also serve as the vectors. Although regional spillover has been documented, it is unknown whether rodent reservoirs are competent...
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doaj-53dc37aa80b24002b76f4c604841bec62020-11-25T01:52:49ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032013-01-0181e5531010.1371/journal.pone.0055310Experimental Andes virus infection in deer mice: characteristics of infection and clearance in a heterologous rodent host.Jessica R SpenglerElaine HaddockDon GardnerBrian HjelleHeinz FeldmannJoseph PrescottNew World hantaviruses can cause hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome with high mortality in humans. Distinct virus species are hosted by specific rodent reservoirs, which also serve as the vectors. Although regional spillover has been documented, it is unknown whether rodent reservoirs are competent for infection by hantaviruses that are geographically separated, and known to have related, but distinct rodent reservoir hosts. We show that Andes virus (ANDV) of South America, carried by the long tailed pygmy rice rat (Oligoryzomys longicaudatus), infects and replicates in vitro and in vivo in the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus), the reservoir host of Sin Nombre virus (SNV), found in North America. In experimentally infected deer mice, viral RNA was detected in the blood, lung, heart and spleen, but virus was cleared by 56 days post inoculation (dpi). All of the inoculated deer mice mounted a humoral immune response by 14 dpi, and produced measurable amounts of neutralizing antibodies by 21 dpi. An up-regulation of Ccl3, Ccl4, Ccl5, and Tgfb, a strong CD4⁺ T-cell response, and down-regulation of Il17, Il21 and Il23 occurred during infection. Infection was transient with an absence of clinical signs or histopathological changes. This is the first evidence that ANDV asymptomatically infects, and is immunogenic in deer mice, a non-natural host species of ANDV. Comparing the immune response in this model to that of the immune response in the natural hosts upon infection with their co-adapted hantaviruses may help clarify the mechanisms governing persistent infection in the natural hosts of hantaviruses.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3561286?pdf=render |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Jessica R Spengler Elaine Haddock Don Gardner Brian Hjelle Heinz Feldmann Joseph Prescott |
spellingShingle |
Jessica R Spengler Elaine Haddock Don Gardner Brian Hjelle Heinz Feldmann Joseph Prescott Experimental Andes virus infection in deer mice: characteristics of infection and clearance in a heterologous rodent host. PLoS ONE |
author_facet |
Jessica R Spengler Elaine Haddock Don Gardner Brian Hjelle Heinz Feldmann Joseph Prescott |
author_sort |
Jessica R Spengler |
title |
Experimental Andes virus infection in deer mice: characteristics of infection and clearance in a heterologous rodent host. |
title_short |
Experimental Andes virus infection in deer mice: characteristics of infection and clearance in a heterologous rodent host. |
title_full |
Experimental Andes virus infection in deer mice: characteristics of infection and clearance in a heterologous rodent host. |
title_fullStr |
Experimental Andes virus infection in deer mice: characteristics of infection and clearance in a heterologous rodent host. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Experimental Andes virus infection in deer mice: characteristics of infection and clearance in a heterologous rodent host. |
title_sort |
experimental andes virus infection in deer mice: characteristics of infection and clearance in a heterologous rodent host. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
series |
PLoS ONE |
issn |
1932-6203 |
publishDate |
2013-01-01 |
description |
New World hantaviruses can cause hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome with high mortality in humans. Distinct virus species are hosted by specific rodent reservoirs, which also serve as the vectors. Although regional spillover has been documented, it is unknown whether rodent reservoirs are competent for infection by hantaviruses that are geographically separated, and known to have related, but distinct rodent reservoir hosts. We show that Andes virus (ANDV) of South America, carried by the long tailed pygmy rice rat (Oligoryzomys longicaudatus), infects and replicates in vitro and in vivo in the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus), the reservoir host of Sin Nombre virus (SNV), found in North America. In experimentally infected deer mice, viral RNA was detected in the blood, lung, heart and spleen, but virus was cleared by 56 days post inoculation (dpi). All of the inoculated deer mice mounted a humoral immune response by 14 dpi, and produced measurable amounts of neutralizing antibodies by 21 dpi. An up-regulation of Ccl3, Ccl4, Ccl5, and Tgfb, a strong CD4⁺ T-cell response, and down-regulation of Il17, Il21 and Il23 occurred during infection. Infection was transient with an absence of clinical signs or histopathological changes. This is the first evidence that ANDV asymptomatically infects, and is immunogenic in deer mice, a non-natural host species of ANDV. Comparing the immune response in this model to that of the immune response in the natural hosts upon infection with their co-adapted hantaviruses may help clarify the mechanisms governing persistent infection in the natural hosts of hantaviruses. |
url |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3561286?pdf=render |
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