Non-Invasive Differentiation of M1 and M2 Activation in Macrophages Using Hyperpolarized <sup>13</sup>C MRS of Pyruvate and DHA at 1.47 Tesla

Non-Invasive Differentiation of M1 and M2 Activation in Macrophages Using Hyperpolarized <sup>13</sup>C MRS of Pyruvate and DHA at 1.47 Tesla

Macrophage activation, first generalized to the M1/M2 dichotomy, is a complex and central process of the innate immune response. Simply, M1 describes the classical proinflammatory activation, leading to tissue damage, and M2 the alternative activation promoting tissue repair. Given the central role...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Kai Qiao, Lydia M. Le Page, Myriam M. Chaumeil
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-06-01
Series:Metabolites
Subjects:
Hyperpolarized <sup>13</sup>C
MR spectroscopy
metabolism
macrophage activation
inflammation
innate immune response
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/11/7/410

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