Analysis of Challenges Due to Changes in Net Load Curve in South Korea by Integrating DERs

The development of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) is essential in accordance with the mandatory greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction policies, resulting in many DERs being integrated into the power system. Currently, South Korea is also focusing on increasing the penetration of renewable ene...

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Main Authors: Chi-Yeon Kim, Chae-Rin Kim, Dong-Keun Kim, Soo-Hwan Cho
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2020-08-01
Series:Electronics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/9/8/1310
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spelling doaj-53ab172aa98c428d80d9da0fd439fa182020-11-25T03:19:33ZengMDPI AGElectronics2079-92922020-08-0191310131010.3390/electronics9081310Analysis of Challenges Due to Changes in Net Load Curve in South Korea by Integrating DERsChi-Yeon Kim0Chae-Rin Kim1Dong-Keun Kim2Soo-Hwan Cho3Department of Electrical Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, KoreaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, KoreaDepartment of Intelligent Engineering Information for Human, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, KoreaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Sangmyung University, Seoul 03016, KoreaThe development of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) is essential in accordance with the mandatory greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction policies, resulting in many DERs being integrated into the power system. Currently, South Korea is also focusing on increasing the penetration of renewable energy sources (RES) and EV by 2030 to reduce GHGs. However, indiscriminate DER development can give a negative impact on the operation of existing power systems. The existing power system operation is optimized for the hourly net load pattern, but the integration of DERs changes it. In addition, since ToU (Time-of-Use) tariff and Demand Response (DR) programs are very sensitive to changes in the net load curve, it is essential to predict the hourly net load pattern accurately for the modification of pricing and demand response programs in the future. However, a long-term demand forecast in South Korea provides only the total amount of annual load (TWh) and the expected peak load level (GW) in summer and winter seasons until 2030. In this study, we use the annual photovoltaic (PV) installed capacity, PV generation, and the number of EV based on the target values for 2030 in South Korea to predict the change in hourly net load curve by year and season. In addition, to predict the EV charging load curve based on Monte Carlo simulation, the EV users’ charging method, charging start time, and State-of-Charge (SoC) were considered. Finally, we analyze the change in hourly net load curve due to the integration of PV and EV to determine the amplification of the duck curve and peak load time by year and season, and present the risks caused by indiscriminate DERs development.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/9/8/1310net load curvePV generationMonte Carlo simulationEV charging load predictionToU (Time-of-Use) tariff
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Chi-Yeon Kim
Chae-Rin Kim
Dong-Keun Kim
Soo-Hwan Cho
spellingShingle Chi-Yeon Kim
Chae-Rin Kim
Dong-Keun Kim
Soo-Hwan Cho
Analysis of Challenges Due to Changes in Net Load Curve in South Korea by Integrating DERs
Electronics
net load curve
PV generation
Monte Carlo simulation
EV charging load prediction
ToU (Time-of-Use) tariff
author_facet Chi-Yeon Kim
Chae-Rin Kim
Dong-Keun Kim
Soo-Hwan Cho
author_sort Chi-Yeon Kim
title Analysis of Challenges Due to Changes in Net Load Curve in South Korea by Integrating DERs
title_short Analysis of Challenges Due to Changes in Net Load Curve in South Korea by Integrating DERs
title_full Analysis of Challenges Due to Changes in Net Load Curve in South Korea by Integrating DERs
title_fullStr Analysis of Challenges Due to Changes in Net Load Curve in South Korea by Integrating DERs
title_full_unstemmed Analysis of Challenges Due to Changes in Net Load Curve in South Korea by Integrating DERs
title_sort analysis of challenges due to changes in net load curve in south korea by integrating ders
publisher MDPI AG
series Electronics
issn 2079-9292
publishDate 2020-08-01
description The development of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) is essential in accordance with the mandatory greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction policies, resulting in many DERs being integrated into the power system. Currently, South Korea is also focusing on increasing the penetration of renewable energy sources (RES) and EV by 2030 to reduce GHGs. However, indiscriminate DER development can give a negative impact on the operation of existing power systems. The existing power system operation is optimized for the hourly net load pattern, but the integration of DERs changes it. In addition, since ToU (Time-of-Use) tariff and Demand Response (DR) programs are very sensitive to changes in the net load curve, it is essential to predict the hourly net load pattern accurately for the modification of pricing and demand response programs in the future. However, a long-term demand forecast in South Korea provides only the total amount of annual load (TWh) and the expected peak load level (GW) in summer and winter seasons until 2030. In this study, we use the annual photovoltaic (PV) installed capacity, PV generation, and the number of EV based on the target values for 2030 in South Korea to predict the change in hourly net load curve by year and season. In addition, to predict the EV charging load curve based on Monte Carlo simulation, the EV users’ charging method, charging start time, and State-of-Charge (SoC) were considered. Finally, we analyze the change in hourly net load curve due to the integration of PV and EV to determine the amplification of the duck curve and peak load time by year and season, and present the risks caused by indiscriminate DERs development.
topic net load curve
PV generation
Monte Carlo simulation
EV charging load prediction
ToU (Time-of-Use) tariff
url https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/9/8/1310
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