The Dissemination and Molecular Characterization of Clonal Complex 361 (CC361) Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Kuwait Hospitals
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) belonging to clonal complex 361 (CC361-MRSA) is rare among patients’ populations globally. However, CC361-MRSA has been isolated with an increasing trend among patients in Kuwait hospitals since 2010. This study investigated the molecular characteri...
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doaj-53a1736abef647db8b262994fa4200802021-05-07T01:01:28ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2021-05-011210.3389/fmicb.2021.658772658772The Dissemination and Molecular Characterization of Clonal Complex 361 (CC361) Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Kuwait HospitalsEiman Sarkhoo0Edet E. Udo1Samar S. Boswihi2Stefan Monecke3Stefan Monecke4Elke Mueller5Elke Mueller6Ralf Ehricht7Ralf Ehricht8Ralf Ehricht9Faculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, KuwaitFaculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, KuwaitFaculty of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, KuwaitLeibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Jena, GermanyInfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena, Jena, GermanyLeibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Jena, GermanyInfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena, Jena, GermanyLeibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Jena, GermanyInfectoGnostics Research Campus Jena, Jena, GermanyInstitute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, GermanyMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) belonging to clonal complex 361 (CC361-MRSA) is rare among patients’ populations globally. However, CC361-MRSA has been isolated with an increasing trend among patients in Kuwait hospitals since 2010. This study investigated the molecular characteristics of CC361-MRSA isolated from patients in Kuwait hospitals in 2016–2018 to understand their genetic relatedness and virulence determinants. Of 5,223 MRSA isolates investigated by DNA microarray, 182 (3.4%) isolates obtained in 2016 (N = 55), 2017 (N = 56), and 2018 (N = 71) were identified as CC361-MRSA. The CC361-MRSA isolates were analyzed further using antibiogram, spa typing and multi locus sequence typing (MLST). Most of the isolates were resistant to fusidic acid (64.8%), kanamycin (43.4%), erythromycin (36.3%), and clindamycin (14.3%) encoded by fusC, aphA3, and erm(B)/erm(C) respectively. Nine isolates (4.9%) were resistant to linezolid mediated by cfr. The isolates belonged to 22 spa types with t3841 (N = 113), t315 (N = 16), t1309 (N = 14), and t3175 (N = 5) constituting 81.3% of the spa types, four genotypes (strain types), CC361-MRSA-[V/VT + fus] (N = 112), CC361-MRSA-IV, WA MRSA-29 (N = 36), CC361-MRSA-V, WA MRSA-70/110 (N = 33) and CC361-MRSA-[V + fus] variant (N = 1). MLST conducted on 69 representative isolates yielded two sequence types: ST361 (11/69) and ST672 (58/69). All CC361-MRSA isolates were positive for cap8, agr1, and the enterotoxin egc gene cluster (seg, sei, selm, seln, selo, and selu). The tst1 was detected in 19 isolates. The immune evasion cluster (IEC) genes type B (scn, chp, and sak) and type E (scn and sak) were detected in 20 and 152 isolates, respectively. The CC361-MRSA circulating in Kuwait hospitals consisted of two closely related sequence types, ST361 and ST672 with ST672-MRSA [V/VT + fus] as the dominant genotype. The dissemination of these newly emerged clones and the emergence of linezolid resistance limits therapeutic options, as well as present significant challenges for the control of MRSA infections in Kuwait hospitals.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.658772/fullCC361-MRSAmolecular typingDNA microarrayMLSTspa typing |
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DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Eiman Sarkhoo Edet E. Udo Samar S. Boswihi Stefan Monecke Stefan Monecke Elke Mueller Elke Mueller Ralf Ehricht Ralf Ehricht Ralf Ehricht |
spellingShingle |
Eiman Sarkhoo Edet E. Udo Samar S. Boswihi Stefan Monecke Stefan Monecke Elke Mueller Elke Mueller Ralf Ehricht Ralf Ehricht Ralf Ehricht The Dissemination and Molecular Characterization of Clonal Complex 361 (CC361) Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Kuwait Hospitals Frontiers in Microbiology CC361-MRSA molecular typing DNA microarray MLST spa typing |
author_facet |
Eiman Sarkhoo Edet E. Udo Samar S. Boswihi Stefan Monecke Stefan Monecke Elke Mueller Elke Mueller Ralf Ehricht Ralf Ehricht Ralf Ehricht |
author_sort |
Eiman Sarkhoo |
title |
The Dissemination and Molecular Characterization of Clonal Complex 361 (CC361) Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Kuwait Hospitals |
title_short |
The Dissemination and Molecular Characterization of Clonal Complex 361 (CC361) Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Kuwait Hospitals |
title_full |
The Dissemination and Molecular Characterization of Clonal Complex 361 (CC361) Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Kuwait Hospitals |
title_fullStr |
The Dissemination and Molecular Characterization of Clonal Complex 361 (CC361) Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Kuwait Hospitals |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Dissemination and Molecular Characterization of Clonal Complex 361 (CC361) Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Kuwait Hospitals |
title_sort |
dissemination and molecular characterization of clonal complex 361 (cc361) methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) in kuwait hospitals |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Microbiology |
issn |
1664-302X |
publishDate |
2021-05-01 |
description |
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) belonging to clonal complex 361 (CC361-MRSA) is rare among patients’ populations globally. However, CC361-MRSA has been isolated with an increasing trend among patients in Kuwait hospitals since 2010. This study investigated the molecular characteristics of CC361-MRSA isolated from patients in Kuwait hospitals in 2016–2018 to understand their genetic relatedness and virulence determinants. Of 5,223 MRSA isolates investigated by DNA microarray, 182 (3.4%) isolates obtained in 2016 (N = 55), 2017 (N = 56), and 2018 (N = 71) were identified as CC361-MRSA. The CC361-MRSA isolates were analyzed further using antibiogram, spa typing and multi locus sequence typing (MLST). Most of the isolates were resistant to fusidic acid (64.8%), kanamycin (43.4%), erythromycin (36.3%), and clindamycin (14.3%) encoded by fusC, aphA3, and erm(B)/erm(C) respectively. Nine isolates (4.9%) were resistant to linezolid mediated by cfr. The isolates belonged to 22 spa types with t3841 (N = 113), t315 (N = 16), t1309 (N = 14), and t3175 (N = 5) constituting 81.3% of the spa types, four genotypes (strain types), CC361-MRSA-[V/VT + fus] (N = 112), CC361-MRSA-IV, WA MRSA-29 (N = 36), CC361-MRSA-V, WA MRSA-70/110 (N = 33) and CC361-MRSA-[V + fus] variant (N = 1). MLST conducted on 69 representative isolates yielded two sequence types: ST361 (11/69) and ST672 (58/69). All CC361-MRSA isolates were positive for cap8, agr1, and the enterotoxin egc gene cluster (seg, sei, selm, seln, selo, and selu). The tst1 was detected in 19 isolates. The immune evasion cluster (IEC) genes type B (scn, chp, and sak) and type E (scn and sak) were detected in 20 and 152 isolates, respectively. The CC361-MRSA circulating in Kuwait hospitals consisted of two closely related sequence types, ST361 and ST672 with ST672-MRSA [V/VT + fus] as the dominant genotype. The dissemination of these newly emerged clones and the emergence of linezolid resistance limits therapeutic options, as well as present significant challenges for the control of MRSA infections in Kuwait hospitals. |
topic |
CC361-MRSA molecular typing DNA microarray MLST spa typing |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.658772/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
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