An Ethnic Comparison of Arginine Dimethylation and Cardiometabolic Factors in Healthy Black and White Youth: The ASOS and African-PREDICT Studies

Proteinic arginine dimethylation (PADiMe) is a major post-translational modification. Proteolysis of asymmetric and symmetric PADiMe products releases asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), respectively, two endogenous atherogenic substances. SDMA, ADMA, and its ma...

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Main Authors: Alexander Bollenbach, Aletta E. Schutte, Ruan Kruger, Dimitrios Tsikas
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2020-03-01
Series:Journal of Clinical Medicine
Subjects:
age
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/3/844
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spelling doaj-52ad5178e4bc42d59b42beef7f3cfad02020-11-25T02:32:09ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832020-03-019384410.3390/jcm9030844jcm9030844An Ethnic Comparison of Arginine Dimethylation and Cardiometabolic Factors in Healthy Black and White Youth: The ASOS and African-PREDICT StudiesAlexander Bollenbach0Aletta E. Schutte1Ruan Kruger2Dimitrios Tsikas3Institute of Toxicology, Core Unit Proteomics, Hannover Medical School, 30623 Hannover, GermanyHypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), MRC Research Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South AfricaHypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), MRC Research Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South AfricaInstitute of Toxicology, Core Unit Proteomics, Hannover Medical School, 30623 Hannover, GermanyProteinic arginine dimethylation (PADiMe) is a major post-translational modification. Proteolysis of asymmetric and symmetric PADiMe products releases asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), respectively, two endogenous atherogenic substances. SDMA, ADMA, and its major metabolite dimethylamine (DMA) are eliminated by the kidney. The urinary concentrations of DMA+ADMA, SDMA, and DMA+ADMA+SDMA are useful measures of the whole-body asymmetric and symmetric PADiMe, respectively. Urinary (DMA+ADMA)/SDMA is an index of the asymmetric to symmetric PADiMe balance. In two bi-ethnic studies, the ASOS (39 black boys, 41 white boys) and the African-PREDICT (292 black young men, 281 white young men) studies, we investigated whether ethnicity is a major determinant of PADiMe, and whether PADiMe is associated with blood pressure and ethnicity-dependent growth and inflammatory factors, including HDL. DMA, ADMA, and SDMA were measured in spot urine samples by gas chromatography&#8722;mass spectrometry, and their excretion was corrected for creatinine excretion. In black boys, creatinine-corrected DMA, DMA+ADMA, and DMA+ADMA+SDMA concentrations were lower by 11.7%, 9.5%, and 7.6% (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), respectively, compared to the white boys, and 3.4%, 2.0%, and 1.8% lower (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), respectively, in black compared to white men. (DMA+ADMA)/SDMA did not differ between black boys and black men, but was higher in white boys compared to white men. ADMA did not differ between black and white boys, or between black and white men. Creatinine-corrected SDMA excretion was lower in black boys compared to white boys (by 8%) and to white men (by 3.1%). None of the PADiMe indices were associated with blood pressure in either study. IGF-binding protein 3 correlated inversely with all PADiMe indices in the black men only. Our study showed that asymmetric proteinic arginine dimethylation is higher in white boys than in black boys, and that this difference disappears in adulthood. ADMA metabolism and SDMA excretion were lower in the black subjects compared to the white subjects, suggesting ethnicity-dependent hepatic and renal elimination of ADMA and SDMA in the childhood. The results of our study may have clinical relevance beyond atherosclerosis, such as in growth and inflammation, which have not been sufficiently addressed thus far.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/3/844ageatherosclerosishypertensionpost-translational modificationgrowthinflammation
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Alexander Bollenbach
Aletta E. Schutte
Ruan Kruger
Dimitrios Tsikas
spellingShingle Alexander Bollenbach
Aletta E. Schutte
Ruan Kruger
Dimitrios Tsikas
An Ethnic Comparison of Arginine Dimethylation and Cardiometabolic Factors in Healthy Black and White Youth: The ASOS and African-PREDICT Studies
Journal of Clinical Medicine
age
atherosclerosis
hypertension
post-translational modification
growth
inflammation
author_facet Alexander Bollenbach
Aletta E. Schutte
Ruan Kruger
Dimitrios Tsikas
author_sort Alexander Bollenbach
title An Ethnic Comparison of Arginine Dimethylation and Cardiometabolic Factors in Healthy Black and White Youth: The ASOS and African-PREDICT Studies
title_short An Ethnic Comparison of Arginine Dimethylation and Cardiometabolic Factors in Healthy Black and White Youth: The ASOS and African-PREDICT Studies
title_full An Ethnic Comparison of Arginine Dimethylation and Cardiometabolic Factors in Healthy Black and White Youth: The ASOS and African-PREDICT Studies
title_fullStr An Ethnic Comparison of Arginine Dimethylation and Cardiometabolic Factors in Healthy Black and White Youth: The ASOS and African-PREDICT Studies
title_full_unstemmed An Ethnic Comparison of Arginine Dimethylation and Cardiometabolic Factors in Healthy Black and White Youth: The ASOS and African-PREDICT Studies
title_sort ethnic comparison of arginine dimethylation and cardiometabolic factors in healthy black and white youth: the asos and african-predict studies
publisher MDPI AG
series Journal of Clinical Medicine
issn 2077-0383
publishDate 2020-03-01
description Proteinic arginine dimethylation (PADiMe) is a major post-translational modification. Proteolysis of asymmetric and symmetric PADiMe products releases asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), respectively, two endogenous atherogenic substances. SDMA, ADMA, and its major metabolite dimethylamine (DMA) are eliminated by the kidney. The urinary concentrations of DMA+ADMA, SDMA, and DMA+ADMA+SDMA are useful measures of the whole-body asymmetric and symmetric PADiMe, respectively. Urinary (DMA+ADMA)/SDMA is an index of the asymmetric to symmetric PADiMe balance. In two bi-ethnic studies, the ASOS (39 black boys, 41 white boys) and the African-PREDICT (292 black young men, 281 white young men) studies, we investigated whether ethnicity is a major determinant of PADiMe, and whether PADiMe is associated with blood pressure and ethnicity-dependent growth and inflammatory factors, including HDL. DMA, ADMA, and SDMA were measured in spot urine samples by gas chromatography&#8722;mass spectrometry, and their excretion was corrected for creatinine excretion. In black boys, creatinine-corrected DMA, DMA+ADMA, and DMA+ADMA+SDMA concentrations were lower by 11.7%, 9.5%, and 7.6% (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), respectively, compared to the white boys, and 3.4%, 2.0%, and 1.8% lower (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), respectively, in black compared to white men. (DMA+ADMA)/SDMA did not differ between black boys and black men, but was higher in white boys compared to white men. ADMA did not differ between black and white boys, or between black and white men. Creatinine-corrected SDMA excretion was lower in black boys compared to white boys (by 8%) and to white men (by 3.1%). None of the PADiMe indices were associated with blood pressure in either study. IGF-binding protein 3 correlated inversely with all PADiMe indices in the black men only. Our study showed that asymmetric proteinic arginine dimethylation is higher in white boys than in black boys, and that this difference disappears in adulthood. ADMA metabolism and SDMA excretion were lower in the black subjects compared to the white subjects, suggesting ethnicity-dependent hepatic and renal elimination of ADMA and SDMA in the childhood. The results of our study may have clinical relevance beyond atherosclerosis, such as in growth and inflammation, which have not been sufficiently addressed thus far.
topic age
atherosclerosis
hypertension
post-translational modification
growth
inflammation
url https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/3/844
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