In Ovo Injection of GABA Can Help Body Weight Gain at Hatch, Increase Chick Weight to Egg Weight Ratio, and Improve Broiler Heat Resistance

• Main Authors: Chris-Major Ncho, Akshat Goel, Chae-Mi Jeong, Mohamed Youssouf, Yang-Ho Choi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2021-05-01
• Series: Animals
• Subjects: in ovo feeding; GABA; heat stress; broiler chicken; antioxidant status; fatty acid metabolism
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/5/1364

The aim of this study was to explore the outcomes of an in ovo GABA injection in broilers challenged with HS. In Experiment 1, 210 Arbor Acres eggs were allocated to five treatments: no-injection, and in ovo injection of 0.6 mL of 0%, 5%, 10%, or 20% of GABA. Hatchling weight and CWEWR were significantly increased in the 5% GABA group. In ovo, injection of 10% GABA solution caused a significant decrease in plasma cholesterol and increased plasma total antioxidant capacity of hatchlings. Experiment 2 was conducted with 126 fertile Arbor Acres eggs distributed into one of two groups. At 17.5 days of incubation, one received no injection, and the other was fed 0.6 mL of 10% GABA. On day 10, one subgroup (4 replicates * 3 birds) from each treatment was submitted to HS (38 ± 1 °C for 3 h) while the other was kept at a thermoneutral temperature (29 ± 1 °C). An in ovo injection of GABA significantly increased total antioxidant capacity, but reduced malondialdehyde levels, hepatic mRNA levels of HSP70, FAS, and L-FABP with HS. In conclusion, an in ovo GABA injection improves CWEWR and antioxidant status at hatch, and enhances antioxidant status while downregulating the expression of HSP70 and fatty acid metabolism-related genes in young chicks under HS.