تجارة اللاَّزَوَرد وأثرها على علاقات مصر بممالک شرق البحر المتوسط حتى نهایة الدولة القدیمة

• Main Author: Dr/ Mohy-eldin Elnady Abo-eleaz•
• Format: Article
• Language: Arabic
• Published: The General Union of Arab Archaeologists 2017-01-01
• Series: Journal of General Union of Arab Archaeologists
• Subjects: Lapis Lazuli- Routes of exchanging lapis lazuli; Old Kingdom; Ebla; Byblos; "Iny" inscription; The mouth of the river Dugurasu
• Online Access: http://jguaa.journals.ekb.eg/article_4761_7d13b66c406f69839115f9c8ba4f3b86.pdf
• ISSN: 2536-9822; 2536-9830

The aim of this article explores the possibility of analyzing the relations between Egypt and the eastern mediterranean Kingdoms from the Pre-dynastic times until the end of the Old Kingdom, through impact of Lapis Lazuli trade, it is one of the semi-precious stones that have received widely interest among kings and high officials of the ancient royal palaces; for its multiple uses, it is among the long distance trade products, so it was transported through a very complex network of intermediaries from his original sources in Badakhshan (eastern Afghanistan) until it reached Egypt in the end. The kings of Egypt had interested to bring this stone and exchange the Egyptian gold and linen with transfer centers in the eastern Mediterranean, the most important of which was "The Kingdom of Ebla/ Tell Mardikh", which has been able to control the trade routes of metals and woods, so Egypt has been associated to commercial relations with Ebla, some of the stone vessels of King Khafre and Pepy I were found at the royal palace G in Ebla (which synchronized with the old kingdom). However, after the discovery of the Ebla archive, the name of Egypt was not found in any of the Ebla texts, the recent discovery of the inscription "Iny", who was sent by some kings of sixth dynasty to some places in western Asia, bring them the Lapis Lazuli and silver, through the important commercial intermediary "Byblos". Moreover, the article explores the possibility of re-read the name of Egypt in the Ebla texts, in particular the texts on the exchange of shipments of lapis Lazuli, gold and linen, it has been found that there is probability that the Eblaite merchants have named Egypt Dugurasu, which is identify to the word R-HAt which may mean "mouth of the river or the beginning ".