Variability in urinary neonicotinoid concentrations in single-spot and first-morning void and its association with oxidative stress markers

Human exposure to neonicotinoid insecticides (hereafter “neonics”) is a concern. Spot urine samples have been widely used in the assessment of exposure to neonics. Urinary concentrations, however, can vary greatly over time due to variable exposure, potentially leading to exposure misclassification....

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Adela Jing Li, Maria-Pilar Martinez-Moral, Kurunthachalam Kannan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2020-02-01
Series:Environment International
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016041201934245X

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