<i>Solidago virgaurea</i> L. Plant Extract Targeted Against <i>Candida albicans</i> to Reduce Oral Microbial Biomass: a Double Blind Randomized Trial on Healthy Adults

• Main Authors: Isabelle Prêcheur, Yohan Rolland, Lilia Hasseine, François Orange, Adeline Morisot, Anne Landreau
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2020-03-01
• Series: Antibiotics
• Subjects: antiseptics; biodegradable; biofilm; candida albicans; dental plaque; oral care products; mycobiome; solidago virgaurea
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/9/4/137

Oral microbiome plays an important part on oral health and endogenous bacteria and fungi should not be eradicated. However, their proliferation must be controlled by oral hygiene care. In vitro, <i>Solidago virgaurea</i> ssp. <i>virgaurea</i> L. (SV) plant extract inhibits the adherence and hyphal formation of a fungus, <i>Candida albicans</i>. It reduces the biomass of <i>Candida</i>-bacterial biofilms but not fungal or bacterial growth. Unlike chemical antiseptics, like triclosan and chlorhexidine for instance, SV is a plant extract easily biodegradable. The purpose of this study was to assess the in vivo effectiveness of SV extract in reducing oral biomass. A randomized, double-blind clinical study, with dental plaque evaluation designed to assess the effectiveness of a fluorinated toothpaste containing SV (Bucovia&#8482;, Givaudan, Vernier, Switzerland) was conducted. Sixty-six subjects (SV group <i>n</i> = 33 vs. control <i>n</i> = 33) brushed their teeth twice a day for a 4-week period. Supragingival dental plaque was sampled. Total bacterial load (broad spectral bacterial quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR)), <i>C. albicans</i> and seven bacterial species were quantified by qPCR. In the Intervention group, there was a decrease of Total bacterial load (&#916;D0D28 <i>p</i> = 0.005 and &#916;D14D28 <i>p</i> = 0.026), <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> (&#916;D0D14 <i>p </i>= 0.024) and <i>C. albicans</i> (&#916;D0D28 <i>p</i> = 0.022). In the Control group Total bacterial load tended to decrease from baseline to day 28 (&#916;D0D28 <i>p</i> = 0.062 and &#916;D14D28 <i>p</i> = 0.009). Plaque Index and Gingival Index improved in both groups.