Bone Anabolic Effects of Soluble Si: In Vitro Studies with Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells and CD14+ Osteoclast Precursors
Silicon (Si) is indispensable for many cellular processes including bone tissue metabolism. In this work, the effects of Si on human osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis were characterized. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) and CD14+ stem cells, as osteoblast and osteoclast precursors, were treated...
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2016-01-01
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Series: | Stem Cells International |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5653275 |
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doaj-4eca74eeff6e45819d6c59fc86441c922020-11-24T22:24:05ZengHindawi LimitedStem Cells International1687-966X1687-96782016-01-01201610.1155/2016/56532755653275Bone Anabolic Effects of Soluble Si: In Vitro Studies with Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells and CD14+ Osteoclast PrecursorsJ. Costa-Rodrigues0S. Reis1A. Castro2M. H. Fernandes3Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade do Porto, 4200-393 Porto, PortugalFaculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade do Porto, 4200-393 Porto, PortugalFaculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade do Porto, 4200-393 Porto, PortugalFaculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade do Porto, 4200-393 Porto, PortugalSilicon (Si) is indispensable for many cellular processes including bone tissue metabolism. In this work, the effects of Si on human osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis were characterized. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) and CD14+ stem cells, as osteoblast and osteoclast precursors, were treated with a wide range of Si concentrations, covering the physiological plasma levels. Si promoted a dose-dependent increase in hMSC proliferation, differentiation, and function, at levels similar to the normal basal plasma levels. Additionally, a decrease in the expression of the osteoclastogenic activators M-CSF and RANKL was observed. Also, Si elicited a decrease in osteoclastogenesis, which became significant at higher concentrations, as those observed after meals. Among the intracellular mechanisms studied, an upregulation of MEK and PKC signalling pathways was observed in both cell types. In conclusion, Si appears to have a direct positive effect on human osteogenesis, at basal plasma levels. On the other hand, it also seemed to be an inhibitor of osteoclastogenesis, but at higher concentrations, though yet in the physiological range. Further, an indirect effect of Si on osteoclastogenesis may also occur, through a downregulation of M-CSF and RANKL expression by osteoblasts. Thus, Si may be an important player in bone anabolic regenerative approaches.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5653275 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
J. Costa-Rodrigues S. Reis A. Castro M. H. Fernandes |
spellingShingle |
J. Costa-Rodrigues S. Reis A. Castro M. H. Fernandes Bone Anabolic Effects of Soluble Si: In Vitro Studies with Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells and CD14+ Osteoclast Precursors Stem Cells International |
author_facet |
J. Costa-Rodrigues S. Reis A. Castro M. H. Fernandes |
author_sort |
J. Costa-Rodrigues |
title |
Bone Anabolic Effects of Soluble Si: In Vitro Studies with Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells and CD14+ Osteoclast Precursors |
title_short |
Bone Anabolic Effects of Soluble Si: In Vitro Studies with Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells and CD14+ Osteoclast Precursors |
title_full |
Bone Anabolic Effects of Soluble Si: In Vitro Studies with Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells and CD14+ Osteoclast Precursors |
title_fullStr |
Bone Anabolic Effects of Soluble Si: In Vitro Studies with Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells and CD14+ Osteoclast Precursors |
title_full_unstemmed |
Bone Anabolic Effects of Soluble Si: In Vitro Studies with Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells and CD14+ Osteoclast Precursors |
title_sort |
bone anabolic effects of soluble si: in vitro studies with human mesenchymal stem cells and cd14+ osteoclast precursors |
publisher |
Hindawi Limited |
series |
Stem Cells International |
issn |
1687-966X 1687-9678 |
publishDate |
2016-01-01 |
description |
Silicon (Si) is indispensable for many cellular processes including bone tissue metabolism. In this work, the effects of Si on human osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis were characterized. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) and CD14+ stem cells, as osteoblast and osteoclast precursors, were treated with a wide range of Si concentrations, covering the physiological plasma levels. Si promoted a dose-dependent increase in hMSC proliferation, differentiation, and function, at levels similar to the normal basal plasma levels. Additionally, a decrease in the expression of the osteoclastogenic activators M-CSF and RANKL was observed. Also, Si elicited a decrease in osteoclastogenesis, which became significant at higher concentrations, as those observed after meals. Among the intracellular mechanisms studied, an upregulation of MEK and PKC signalling pathways was observed in both cell types. In conclusion, Si appears to have a direct positive effect on human osteogenesis, at basal plasma levels. On the other hand, it also seemed to be an inhibitor of osteoclastogenesis, but at higher concentrations, though yet in the physiological range. Further, an indirect effect of Si on osteoclastogenesis may also occur, through a downregulation of M-CSF and RANKL expression by osteoblasts. Thus, Si may be an important player in bone anabolic regenerative approaches. |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5653275 |
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