Baseline Titre of Widal amongst Healthy Blood Donors in Raichur, Karnataka

• Main Authors: B. V. Peerapur, Abdul Kaleem Bahadur
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University 2013-07-01
• Series: Journal of Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences University
• Subjects: Typhoid Fever; Tube Widal; Slide Widal; Baseline Titre.
• Online Access: http://www.jkimsu.com/jkimsu-vol2no2/jkimsu%20vol%202%20no%202%20july%20-%20dec%202013%2030-36.pdf

Background: Lack of proper knowledge ofbaseline titre of Widal test can lead to over di-agnosis of typhoid fever leading to mismanage-ment of patients. Rapid semiquantitative slideWidal test has replaced conventional tube Widaltest in many laboratories, but there is paucityof scientific data regarding how far the resultsof this rapid test correlate with that of conven-tional tube Widal test. Aims and Objectives:To evaluate baseline titre of widal using quanti-tative tube Widal test, to suggest the cut-offvalue for positive Widal test in this region, andto correlate the results obtained in quantitativetube Widal test with that of rapidsemiquantitative slide Widal test. Material andMethods: Sera of 107 apparently healthy blooddonors (AHDs) were subjected to quantitativetube and semiquantitative slide Widal test toknow the titre. Results: Highest titre obtainedby tube Widal test for TO was 1:160, for TH -1:320, for AH- 1:20, and for BH- 1:80. TubeWidal titres of < 1:80 for TO and TH were seenin 103(96.2%) and 97(90.6%), TO and TH titresof > 1:160 were seen in 4(3.7%) and 10 (9.3%)respectively. TH titre of 1:320 was seen in1(0.93%) and no such high titre was reportedin relation to TO. Highest titre obtained bysemiquantitative slide Widal for TO was 1:320,for TH- 1:320, for AH-1:40 and for BH- 1:160.Conclusion: We recommend TO and TH titreof > 1:320 as diagnostic of typhoid fever andfor AH and BH, titres of >1:40 and >1:160should be considered diagnostic respectivelyin our region. Because of high expected falsepositivity rate of slide Widal test even at thehigher cut-off titre of 1:320, single slide Widaltest appears to have little value in the diagnosisof typhoid fever in this region.