Conscientiousness and Smoking: Do Cultural Context and Gender Matter?

Prior studies have found that conscientiousness has a protective effect against smoking, but evidence for this relationship mostly comes from Western contexts. In societies where smoking is pervasive and less stigmatized, the protective effect of conscientiousness on smoking may be less evident. Mor...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Chioun Lee, Manjing Gao, Carol D. Ryff
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-07-01
Series:Frontiers in Psychology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01593/full