Comparing the spatial patterns of climate change in the 9th and 5th millennia BP from TRACE-21 model simulations

<p>The spatial patterns of global temperature and precipitation changes, as well as corresponding large-scale circulation patterns during the latter part of the 9th and 5th millennia&thinsp;BP (4800–4500 versus 4500–4000&thinsp;BP and 9200–8800 versus 8800–8000&thinsp;BP) are compa...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: L. Ning, J. Liu, R. S. Bradley, M. Yan
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Copernicus Publications 2019-01-01
Series:Climate of the Past
Online Access:https://www.clim-past.net/15/41/2019/cp-15-41-2019.pdf
id doaj-4bfbcc2671c54092bbfe3682d0c7233c
record_format Article
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author L. Ning
L. Ning
L. Ning
J. Liu
J. Liu
R. S. Bradley
M. Yan
M. Yan
spellingShingle L. Ning
L. Ning
L. Ning
J. Liu
J. Liu
R. S. Bradley
M. Yan
M. Yan
Comparing the spatial patterns of climate change in the 9th and 5th millennia&thinsp;BP from TRACE-21 model simulations
Climate of the Past
author_facet L. Ning
L. Ning
L. Ning
J. Liu
J. Liu
R. S. Bradley
M. Yan
M. Yan
author_sort L. Ning
title Comparing the spatial patterns of climate change in the 9th and 5th millennia&thinsp;BP from TRACE-21 model simulations
title_short Comparing the spatial patterns of climate change in the 9th and 5th millennia&thinsp;BP from TRACE-21 model simulations
title_full Comparing the spatial patterns of climate change in the 9th and 5th millennia&thinsp;BP from TRACE-21 model simulations
title_fullStr Comparing the spatial patterns of climate change in the 9th and 5th millennia&thinsp;BP from TRACE-21 model simulations
title_full_unstemmed Comparing the spatial patterns of climate change in the 9th and 5th millennia&thinsp;BP from TRACE-21 model simulations
title_sort comparing the spatial patterns of climate change in the 9th and 5th millennia&thinsp;bp from trace-21 model simulations
publisher Copernicus Publications
series Climate of the Past
issn 1814-9324
1814-9332
publishDate 2019-01-01
description <p>The spatial patterns of global temperature and precipitation changes, as well as corresponding large-scale circulation patterns during the latter part of the 9th and 5th millennia&thinsp;BP (4800–4500 versus 4500–4000&thinsp;BP and 9200–8800 versus 8800–8000&thinsp;BP) are compared through a group of transient simulations using the Community Climate System Model version 3 (CCSM3). Both periods are characterized by significant sea surface temperature (SST) decreases over the North Atlantic, south of Iceland. Temperatures were also colder across the Northern Hemisphere but warmer in the Southern Hemisphere. Significant precipitation decreases are seen over most of the Northern Hemisphere, especially over Eurasia and the Asian monsoon regions, indicating a weaker summer monsoon. Large precipitation anomalies over northern South America and adjacent ocean regions are related to a southward displacement of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) in that region. Climate changes in the late 9th millennium&thinsp;BP (the “8.2&thinsp;ka event”) are widely considered to have been caused by a large freshwater discharge into the northern Atlantic, which is confirmed in a meltwater forcing sensitivity experiment, but this was not the cause of changes occurring between the early and latter halves of the 5th millennium&thinsp;BP. Model simulations suggest that a combination of factors, led by long-term changes in insolation, drove a steady decline in SSTs across the North Atlantic and a reduction in the North Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), over the past 4500 years, with associated teleconnections across the globe, leading to drought in some areas. Multi-century-scale fluctuations in SSTs and AMOC strength were superimposed on this decline. This helps explain the onset of neoglaciation around 5000–4500&thinsp;BP, followed by a series of neoglacial advances and retreats during recent millennia. The “4.2&thinsp;ka&thinsp;BP Event” appears to have been one of several late Holocene multi-century fluctuations that were embedded in the long-term, low-frequency change in climate that occurred after <span class="inline-formula">∼4.8</span>&thinsp;ka. Whether these multi-century fluctuations were a response to internal centennial-scale ocean–atmosphere variability or external forcing (such as explosive volcanic eruptions and associated feedbacks) or a combination of such conditions is not known and requires further study.</p>
url https://www.clim-past.net/15/41/2019/cp-15-41-2019.pdf
work_keys_str_mv AT lning comparingthespatialpatternsofclimatechangeinthe9thand5thmillenniathinspbpfromtrace21modelsimulations
AT lning comparingthespatialpatternsofclimatechangeinthe9thand5thmillenniathinspbpfromtrace21modelsimulations
AT lning comparingthespatialpatternsofclimatechangeinthe9thand5thmillenniathinspbpfromtrace21modelsimulations
AT jliu comparingthespatialpatternsofclimatechangeinthe9thand5thmillenniathinspbpfromtrace21modelsimulations
AT jliu comparingthespatialpatternsofclimatechangeinthe9thand5thmillenniathinspbpfromtrace21modelsimulations
AT rsbradley comparingthespatialpatternsofclimatechangeinthe9thand5thmillenniathinspbpfromtrace21modelsimulations
AT myan comparingthespatialpatternsofclimatechangeinthe9thand5thmillenniathinspbpfromtrace21modelsimulations
AT myan comparingthespatialpatternsofclimatechangeinthe9thand5thmillenniathinspbpfromtrace21modelsimulations
_version_ 1716749040434020352
spelling doaj-4bfbcc2671c54092bbfe3682d0c7233c2020-11-24T21:13:28ZengCopernicus PublicationsClimate of the Past1814-93241814-93322019-01-0115415210.5194/cp-15-41-2019Comparing the spatial patterns of climate change in the 9th and 5th millennia&thinsp;BP from TRACE-21 model simulationsL. Ning0L. Ning1L. Ning2J. Liu3J. Liu4R. S. Bradley5M. Yan6M. Yan7Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Geographical Environment Evolution, Jiangsu Provincial Cultivation Base, School of Geographical Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, ChinaJiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing, ChinaClimate System Research Center, Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USAKey Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Geographical Environment Evolution, Jiangsu Provincial Cultivation Base, School of Geographical Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, ChinaJiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing, ChinaClimate System Research Center, Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USAKey Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Geographical Environment Evolution, Jiangsu Provincial Cultivation Base, School of Geographical Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, ChinaJiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing, China<p>The spatial patterns of global temperature and precipitation changes, as well as corresponding large-scale circulation patterns during the latter part of the 9th and 5th millennia&thinsp;BP (4800–4500 versus 4500–4000&thinsp;BP and 9200–8800 versus 8800–8000&thinsp;BP) are compared through a group of transient simulations using the Community Climate System Model version 3 (CCSM3). Both periods are characterized by significant sea surface temperature (SST) decreases over the North Atlantic, south of Iceland. Temperatures were also colder across the Northern Hemisphere but warmer in the Southern Hemisphere. Significant precipitation decreases are seen over most of the Northern Hemisphere, especially over Eurasia and the Asian monsoon regions, indicating a weaker summer monsoon. Large precipitation anomalies over northern South America and adjacent ocean regions are related to a southward displacement of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) in that region. Climate changes in the late 9th millennium&thinsp;BP (the “8.2&thinsp;ka event”) are widely considered to have been caused by a large freshwater discharge into the northern Atlantic, which is confirmed in a meltwater forcing sensitivity experiment, but this was not the cause of changes occurring between the early and latter halves of the 5th millennium&thinsp;BP. Model simulations suggest that a combination of factors, led by long-term changes in insolation, drove a steady decline in SSTs across the North Atlantic and a reduction in the North Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), over the past 4500 years, with associated teleconnections across the globe, leading to drought in some areas. Multi-century-scale fluctuations in SSTs and AMOC strength were superimposed on this decline. This helps explain the onset of neoglaciation around 5000–4500&thinsp;BP, followed by a series of neoglacial advances and retreats during recent millennia. The “4.2&thinsp;ka&thinsp;BP Event” appears to have been one of several late Holocene multi-century fluctuations that were embedded in the long-term, low-frequency change in climate that occurred after <span class="inline-formula">∼4.8</span>&thinsp;ka. Whether these multi-century fluctuations were a response to internal centennial-scale ocean–atmosphere variability or external forcing (such as explosive volcanic eruptions and associated feedbacks) or a combination of such conditions is not known and requires further study.</p>https://www.clim-past.net/15/41/2019/cp-15-41-2019.pdf