Oil Depletion and the Energy Efficiency of Oil Production: The Case of California
This study explores the impact of oil depletion on the energetic efficiency of oil extraction and refining in California. These changes are measured using energy return ratios (such as the energy return on investment, or EROI). I construct a time-varying first-order process model of energy inputs an...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2011-10-01
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| Series: | Sustainability |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/3/10/1833/ |