| Summary: | Objective: To present a case of nephrotic syndrome, secondary to syphilis, mimicking systemic lupus
erythematosus. Case report: 26-year-old woman who developed painful oral ulcers, arthralgia and
nephrotic syndrome, and the possibility of autoimmune disease was initially suggested. The results
of the laboratory tests removed the possibility of systemic lupus erythematosus and confirmed the
diagnosis of syphilis. Final considerations: The presence of nephrotic syndrome in a young female
patient should trigger the investigation of previous sexual history, and syphilis is a mandatory
possibility in this investigation, which can mimic SLE, delaying early diagnosis and effective
treatment
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