RhoGTPases as Key Players in Mammalian Cell Adaptation to Microgravity

RhoGTPases as Key Players in Mammalian Cell Adaptation to Microgravity

A growing number of studies are revealing that cells reorganize their cytoskeleton when exposed to conditions of microgravity. Most, if not all, of the structural changes observed on flown cells can be explained by modulation of RhoGTPases, which are mechanosensitive switches responsible for cytoske...

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Main Authors: Fiona Louis, Christophe Deroanne, Betty Nusgens, Laurence Vico, Alain Guignandon
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Hindawi Limited 2015-01-01
Series:BioMed Research International
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/747693
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spelling doaj-49613af29f4444a693aa9feb61ecc1c12020-11-24T22:26:35ZengHindawi LimitedBioMed Research International2314-61332314-61412015-01-01201510.1155/2015/747693747693RhoGTPases as Key Players in Mammalian Cell Adaptation to MicrogravityFiona Louis0Christophe Deroanne1Betty Nusgens2Laurence Vico3Alain Guignandon4INSERM U1059, Laboratoire de Biologie du Tissu Osseux, Université Jean Monnet, 42023 Saint-Etienne Cedex, FranceLaboratoire de Biologie des Tissus Conjonctifs, GIGA, Université de Liège, 4000 Sart Tilman, BelgiumLaboratoire de Biologie des Tissus Conjonctifs, GIGA, Université de Liège, 4000 Sart Tilman, BelgiumINSERM U1059, Laboratoire de Biologie du Tissu Osseux, Université Jean Monnet, 42023 Saint-Etienne Cedex, FranceINSERM U1059, Laboratoire de Biologie du Tissu Osseux, Université Jean Monnet, 42023 Saint-Etienne Cedex, FranceA growing number of studies are revealing that cells reorganize their cytoskeleton when exposed to conditions of microgravity. Most, if not all, of the structural changes observed on flown cells can be explained by modulation of RhoGTPases, which are mechanosensitive switches responsible for cytoskeletal dynamics control. This review identifies general principles defining cell sensitivity to gravitational stresses. We discuss what is known about changes in cell shape, nucleus, and focal adhesions and try to establish the relationship with specific RhoGTPase activities. We conclude by considering the potential relevance of live imaging of RhoGTPase activity or cytoskeletal structures in order to enhance our understanding of cell adaptation to microgravity-related conditions.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/747693
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Fiona Louis
Christophe Deroanne
Betty Nusgens
Laurence Vico
Alain Guignandon
spellingShingle Fiona Louis
Christophe Deroanne
Betty Nusgens
Laurence Vico
Alain Guignandon
RhoGTPases as Key Players in Mammalian Cell Adaptation to Microgravity
BioMed Research International
author_facet Fiona Louis
Christophe Deroanne
Betty Nusgens
Laurence Vico
Alain Guignandon
author_sort Fiona Louis
title RhoGTPases as Key Players in Mammalian Cell Adaptation to Microgravity
title_short RhoGTPases as Key Players in Mammalian Cell Adaptation to Microgravity
title_full RhoGTPases as Key Players in Mammalian Cell Adaptation to Microgravity
title_fullStr RhoGTPases as Key Players in Mammalian Cell Adaptation to Microgravity
title_full_unstemmed RhoGTPases as Key Players in Mammalian Cell Adaptation to Microgravity
title_sort rhogtpases as key players in mammalian cell adaptation to microgravity
publisher Hindawi Limited
series BioMed Research International
issn 2314-6133
2314-6141
publishDate 2015-01-01
description A growing number of studies are revealing that cells reorganize their cytoskeleton when exposed to conditions of microgravity. Most, if not all, of the structural changes observed on flown cells can be explained by modulation of RhoGTPases, which are mechanosensitive switches responsible for cytoskeletal dynamics control. This review identifies general principles defining cell sensitivity to gravitational stresses. We discuss what is known about changes in cell shape, nucleus, and focal adhesions and try to establish the relationship with specific RhoGTPase activities. We conclude by considering the potential relevance of live imaging of RhoGTPase activity or cytoskeletal structures in order to enhance our understanding of cell adaptation to microgravity-related conditions.
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/747693
work_keys_str_mv AT fionalouis rhogtpasesaskeyplayersinmammaliancelladaptationtomicrogravity
AT christophederoanne rhogtpasesaskeyplayersinmammaliancelladaptationtomicrogravity
AT bettynusgens rhogtpasesaskeyplayersinmammaliancelladaptationtomicrogravity
AT laurencevico rhogtpasesaskeyplayersinmammaliancelladaptationtomicrogravity
AT alainguignandon rhogtpasesaskeyplayersinmammaliancelladaptationtomicrogravity
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