Mean Platelet Volume and Salivary C-Reactive Protein Levels among Smokers with Chronic Periodontitis: A Pilot Study

• Main Authors: Kunchok J Dolma, Sheela Kumar Gujjari, Jayashree Krishnamurthy, Prashant M Vishwanath
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited 2020-06-01
• Series: Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research
• Subjects: inflammatory markers; plaque; smoking
• Online Access: https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/13729/43686_CE[Ra1]_F(KM)_PF1(ShG_KM)_PFA(SHU)_PB(ShG_SHU)_PN(SL).pdf
• ISSN: 2249-782X; 0973-709X

ABSTRACT Introduction: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease with smoking as a major risk factor. Previous studies have shown that elevated number of platelets, platelet activation and Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) are the important indicator of platelet activity which can be used as an inflammatory marker in severe Periodontitis. It is known that smokers are more prone for periodontal breakdown, however, there have been no studies among smokers with chronic periodontitis assessing MPV as an inflammatory marker. Aim: To assess and correlate MPV and salivary C-Reactive Protein (CRP) levels among smokers with Chronic Periodontitis. Materials and Methods: This was an observational study comparing four groups: Group A-Smokers with Chronic Periodontitis (n=25), Group B-Smokers without Chronic Periodontitis (n=25), Group C-Nonsmokers with Chronic Periodontitis (n=25) and Group D-Nonsmokers without Chronic Periodontitis (n=25). Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), Probing Depth (PD) and Clinical Attachment Levels (CAL) were recorded. Fasting venous blood sample (2 mL) and unstimulated saliva sample (2 mL) was collected and assessed for MPV and salivary CRP respectively in a fully automated analyser. These variables were analysed using one-way ANOVA and independent sample t-test to test for statistically significant difference between the groups. The correlation between MPV and salivary CRP levels was assessed using Karl Pearson’s product moment correlation co-efficient. Statistical significance as fixed at p≤0.05. Results: MPV was found to be highest in group B (11.12±0.72), followed by group D (10.44±0.35), group A (10.06±0.53) and group C (9.89±0.53). A statistically significant difference was noted between all the groups (p<0.05) except between group A and C (p=0.269). Salivary CRP levels were increased in group A and B than group C and D. A significant negative association was observed between MPV and salivary CRP (r=0.762, p=0.001) in smokers with periodontitis (p<0.05). Conclusion: MPV was decreased and negatively correlated to salivary CRP among smokers with chronic periodontitis and further studies must be done to confirm this finding.