Environmental exposures and their genetic or environmental contribution to depression and fatigue: a twin study in Sri Lanka

• Main Authors: Kovas Yulia, Sumathipala Athula, Siribaddana Sisira H, Ball Harriet A, Glozier Nick, McGuffin Peter, Hotopf Matthew
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: BMC 2010-02-01
• Series: BMC Psychiatry
• Online Access: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-244X/10/13

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>There is very little genetically informative research identifying true environmental risks for psychiatric conditions. These may be best explored in regions with diverse environmental exposures. The current study aimed to explore similarities and differences in such risks contributing to depression and fatigue.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Home interviews assessed depression (lifetime-ever), fatigue and environmental exposures in 4,024 randomly selected twins from a population-based register in the Colombo district of Sri Lanka.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Early school leaving and standard of living showed environmentally-mediated effects on depression, in men. In women, life events were associated with depression partly through genetic pathways (however, the temporal order is consistent with life events being an outcome of depression, as well as the other way around). For fatigue, there were environmentally mediated effects (through early school leaving and life events) and strong suggestions of family-environmental influences.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Compared to previous studies from higher-income countries, novel environmentally-mediated risk factors for depression and fatigue were identified in Sri Lanka. But as seen elsewhere, the association between life events and depression was partially genetically mediated in women. These results have implications for understanding environmental mechanisms around the world.</p>