Ribavirin in Cancer Immunotherapies: Controlling Nitric Oxide Augments Cytotoxic Lymphocyte Function

Either ribavirin (RBV) or cyclophosphamide (CY) can shift an immune response from Th2 toward a Thi cytokine profile. CY is used in this role in various current cancer immunotherapy attempts but with mixed success. More potent and reliable immunoadjuvants and Th1 response biasing methods are needed....

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Main Author: Richard E. Kast
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2003-01-01
Series:Neoplasia: An International Journal for Oncology Research
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1476558603800118
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spelling doaj-483a5c5cb21e442a81455b494b6a954a2020-11-24T21:48:20ZengElsevierNeoplasia: An International Journal for Oncology Research1476-55861522-80022003-01-01513810.1016/S1476-5586(03)80011-8Ribavirin in Cancer Immunotherapies: Controlling Nitric Oxide Augments Cytotoxic Lymphocyte FunctionRichard E. Kast Either ribavirin (RBV) or cyclophosphamide (CY) can shift an immune response from Th2 toward a Thi cytokine profile. CY is used in this role in various current cancer immunotherapy attempts but with mixed success. More potent and reliable immunoadjuvants and Th1 response biasing methods are needed. RBV is used today mainly to augment interferon-alpha treatment of hepatitis C. RBV shifts an immune response from Th2 toward Th1 more effectively than CY and may be a safe and useful adjuvant for current cancer immunotherapeutic efforts. RBV is thought to act by inhibition of tetrahydrobiopterin synthesis. Tetrahydrobiopterin is an essential cofactor for all known isoforms of nitric oxide synthase. Lowered nitric oxide favors Th1 development as high levels favor Th2 weighting. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1476558603800118adjuvantcancer immunotherapyhepatitis Cinflammationinterferon-alphalymphocytemacrophagenitric oxide
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Richard E. Kast
spellingShingle Richard E. Kast
Ribavirin in Cancer Immunotherapies: Controlling Nitric Oxide Augments Cytotoxic Lymphocyte Function
Neoplasia: An International Journal for Oncology Research
adjuvant
cancer immunotherapy
hepatitis C
inflammation
interferon-alpha
lymphocyte
macrophage
nitric oxide
author_facet Richard E. Kast
author_sort Richard E. Kast
title Ribavirin in Cancer Immunotherapies: Controlling Nitric Oxide Augments Cytotoxic Lymphocyte Function
title_short Ribavirin in Cancer Immunotherapies: Controlling Nitric Oxide Augments Cytotoxic Lymphocyte Function
title_full Ribavirin in Cancer Immunotherapies: Controlling Nitric Oxide Augments Cytotoxic Lymphocyte Function
title_fullStr Ribavirin in Cancer Immunotherapies: Controlling Nitric Oxide Augments Cytotoxic Lymphocyte Function
title_full_unstemmed Ribavirin in Cancer Immunotherapies: Controlling Nitric Oxide Augments Cytotoxic Lymphocyte Function
title_sort ribavirin in cancer immunotherapies: controlling nitric oxide augments cytotoxic lymphocyte function
publisher Elsevier
series Neoplasia: An International Journal for Oncology Research
issn 1476-5586
1522-8002
publishDate 2003-01-01
description Either ribavirin (RBV) or cyclophosphamide (CY) can shift an immune response from Th2 toward a Thi cytokine profile. CY is used in this role in various current cancer immunotherapy attempts but with mixed success. More potent and reliable immunoadjuvants and Th1 response biasing methods are needed. RBV is used today mainly to augment interferon-alpha treatment of hepatitis C. RBV shifts an immune response from Th2 toward Th1 more effectively than CY and may be a safe and useful adjuvant for current cancer immunotherapeutic efforts. RBV is thought to act by inhibition of tetrahydrobiopterin synthesis. Tetrahydrobiopterin is an essential cofactor for all known isoforms of nitric oxide synthase. Lowered nitric oxide favors Th1 development as high levels favor Th2 weighting.
topic adjuvant
cancer immunotherapy
hepatitis C
inflammation
interferon-alpha
lymphocyte
macrophage
nitric oxide
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1476558603800118
work_keys_str_mv AT richardekast ribavirinincancerimmunotherapiescontrollingnitricoxideaugmentscytotoxiclymphocytefunction
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