Ribavirin in Cancer Immunotherapies: Controlling Nitric Oxide Augments Cytotoxic Lymphocyte Function
Either ribavirin (RBV) or cyclophosphamide (CY) can shift an immune response from Th2 toward a Thi cytokine profile. CY is used in this role in various current cancer immunotherapy attempts but with mixed success. More potent and reliable immunoadjuvants and Th1 response biasing methods are needed....
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2003-01-01
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Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1476558603800118 |
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doaj-483a5c5cb21e442a81455b494b6a954a2020-11-24T21:48:20ZengElsevierNeoplasia: An International Journal for Oncology Research1476-55861522-80022003-01-01513810.1016/S1476-5586(03)80011-8Ribavirin in Cancer Immunotherapies: Controlling Nitric Oxide Augments Cytotoxic Lymphocyte FunctionRichard E. Kast Either ribavirin (RBV) or cyclophosphamide (CY) can shift an immune response from Th2 toward a Thi cytokine profile. CY is used in this role in various current cancer immunotherapy attempts but with mixed success. More potent and reliable immunoadjuvants and Th1 response biasing methods are needed. RBV is used today mainly to augment interferon-alpha treatment of hepatitis C. RBV shifts an immune response from Th2 toward Th1 more effectively than CY and may be a safe and useful adjuvant for current cancer immunotherapeutic efforts. RBV is thought to act by inhibition of tetrahydrobiopterin synthesis. Tetrahydrobiopterin is an essential cofactor for all known isoforms of nitric oxide synthase. Lowered nitric oxide favors Th1 development as high levels favor Th2 weighting. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1476558603800118adjuvantcancer immunotherapyhepatitis Cinflammationinterferon-alphalymphocytemacrophagenitric oxide |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Richard E. Kast |
spellingShingle |
Richard E. Kast Ribavirin in Cancer Immunotherapies: Controlling Nitric Oxide Augments Cytotoxic Lymphocyte Function Neoplasia: An International Journal for Oncology Research adjuvant cancer immunotherapy hepatitis C inflammation interferon-alpha lymphocyte macrophage nitric oxide |
author_facet |
Richard E. Kast |
author_sort |
Richard E. Kast |
title |
Ribavirin in Cancer Immunotherapies: Controlling Nitric Oxide Augments Cytotoxic Lymphocyte Function |
title_short |
Ribavirin in Cancer Immunotherapies: Controlling Nitric Oxide Augments Cytotoxic Lymphocyte Function |
title_full |
Ribavirin in Cancer Immunotherapies: Controlling Nitric Oxide Augments Cytotoxic Lymphocyte Function |
title_fullStr |
Ribavirin in Cancer Immunotherapies: Controlling Nitric Oxide Augments Cytotoxic Lymphocyte Function |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ribavirin in Cancer Immunotherapies: Controlling Nitric Oxide Augments Cytotoxic Lymphocyte Function |
title_sort |
ribavirin in cancer immunotherapies: controlling nitric oxide augments cytotoxic lymphocyte function |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Neoplasia: An International Journal for Oncology Research |
issn |
1476-5586 1522-8002 |
publishDate |
2003-01-01 |
description |
Either ribavirin (RBV) or cyclophosphamide (CY) can shift an immune response from Th2 toward a Thi cytokine profile. CY is used in this role in various current cancer immunotherapy attempts but with mixed success. More potent and reliable immunoadjuvants and Th1 response biasing methods are needed. RBV is used today mainly to augment interferon-alpha treatment of hepatitis C. RBV shifts an immune response from Th2 toward Th1 more effectively than CY and may be a safe and useful adjuvant for current cancer immunotherapeutic efforts. RBV is thought to act by inhibition of tetrahydrobiopterin synthesis. Tetrahydrobiopterin is an essential cofactor for all known isoforms of nitric oxide synthase. Lowered nitric oxide favors Th1 development as high levels favor Th2 weighting.
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topic |
adjuvant cancer immunotherapy hepatitis C inflammation interferon-alpha lymphocyte macrophage nitric oxide |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1476558603800118 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT richardekast ribavirinincancerimmunotherapiescontrollingnitricoxideaugmentscytotoxiclymphocytefunction |
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1725892790375677952 |