Antibiogram of Salmonella Isolates: Time to Consider Antibiotic Salvage
Introduction: Enteric fever is a major problem especially in developing countries. Timely and appropriate treatment plays a very important role in reducing the mortality. Fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins are the treatment options for enteric fever. Recent studies have shown that it is time to...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2016-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/7753/18102_CE(RA1)_F(T)_PF1(VsuGH)_PFA(AK)_PF2(PAG).pdf |
| Summary: | Introduction: Enteric fever is a major problem especially in
developing countries. Timely and appropriate treatment plays a
very important role in reducing the mortality. Fluoroquinolones
and cephalosporins are the treatment options for enteric fever.
Recent studies have shown that it is time to reconsider the use
of earlier antibiotics.
Aim: The study was aimed to know whether salvage is possible
and to avoid treatment failures following fluoroquinolone
usage.
Materials and Methods: A one year retrospective data of
Salmonella species isolated from 319 blood samples from
our hospital and other diagnostic centers were studied.
Demographic data, organism isolated and their changing
pattern of antibiogram were analysed.
Results: Out of 319 Salmonella isolates, 52.4% (167) was
Salmonella typhi (S. typhi) and 47.6% (152) Salmonella paratyphi
A (S. paratyphi A), with a male preponderance. Most of the
salmonellae were isolated in the months of June and July, with
the majority being in the 1-10 and 21-30 years age groups. Both
species were highly susceptible to chloramphenicol (95.2%
and 100%) followed by third generation cephalosporins (97%
and 98%), cotrimoxazole (95.8% and 98.6%) and ampicillin
(94.6% and 93.4%) respectively. Highest resistance was seen
for nalidixic acid (90.4% and100%) among both S. typhi and
S. paratyphi A isolates followed by ciprofloxacin (62.2% and
54.6%) respectively. MDR to first line drugs was observed in a
small proportion of S. typhi (1.7%) only.
Conclusion: The frequency of isolation of S. typhi and S.
paratyphi A are in equal proportion and enteric fever is more
prevalent in younger age group. It is ideal to adopt bivalent
vaccination in Universal immunization schedule. The isolates
show sensitivity to first line drugs, paving the way for salvage
of the earlier drugs. Cephalosporins still remain the treatment of
choice in MDR salmonella isolates. |
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| ISSN: | 2249-782X 0973-709X |