| Summary: | The present text focuses on “the foundational moment of sociology”, limiting it self to do it under the sign of “secularization”, in the frame of French society, and in relation with other two texts: one, previous by nature, dedicated to the European socio-historic process that goes from “the theocentric culture to the variations of enlightenment”; and the other, complementary, constituted by the analysis of the contribution of German sociology, especially the one represented by Max Weber. There was also the preoccupation of singularizing the contribution of each of the elected authors: the elaboration of “the new Christianism” in Saint-Simon holds a critique to traditional Christianism but it also implicates an unacknowledged tribute; in Comte, sociology structures through a direct con?ict with a theological-metaphysical and political vision of western culture; ?nally, to the strong secularization variant implicated in the work of the two preceding authors, Durkheim adds a sociological oeuvre marked by the tension between two processes: “the socialisation of the sacred” and “the sacralisation of the social”
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