Comparison of Light Condition-Dependent Differences in the Accumulation and Subcellular Localization of Glutathione in <i>Arabidopsis</i> and Wheat

• Main Authors: Anna Gasperl, Eszter Balogh, Ákos Boldizsár, Nadine Kemeter, Richard Pirklbauer, Stefan Möstl, Balázs Kalapos, Gabriella Szalai, Maria Müller, Günther Zellnig, Gábor Kocsy
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2021-01-01
• Series: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
• Subjects: <i>Arabidopsis</i>; cell compartment; far-red light; glutathione; redox state; light intensity
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/2/607

This study aimed to clarify whether the light condition-dependent changes in the redox state and subcellular distribution of glutathione were similar in the dicotyledonous model plant <i>Arabidopsis</i> (wild-type, ascorbate- and glutathione-deficient mutants) and the monocotyledonous crop species wheat (Chinese Spring variety). With increasing light intensity, the amount of its reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) form and the GSSG/GSH ratio increased in the leaf extracts of both species including all genotypes, while far-red light increased these parameters only in wheat except for GSH in the GSH-deficient <i>Arabidopsis</i> mutant. Based on the expression changes of the glutathione metabolism-related genes, light intensity influences the size and redox state of the glutathione pool at the transcriptional level in wheat but not in <i>Arabidopsis</i>. In line with the results in leaf extracts, a similar inducing effect of both light intensity and far-red light was found on the total glutathione content at the subcellular level in wheat. In contrast to the leaf extracts, the inducing influence of light intensity on glutathione level was only found in the cell compartments of the GSH-deficient <i>Arabidopsis</i> mutant, and far-red light increased it in both mutants. The observed general and genotype-specific, light-dependent changes in the accumulation and subcellular distribution of glutathione participate in adjusting the redox-dependent metabolism to the actual environmental conditions.