Clinical Features of Parkinson’s Disease: The Evolution of Critical Symptoms

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a multi-attribute neurodegenerative disorder combining motor and nonmotor symptoms without well-defined diagnostic clinical markers. The presence of primary motor features (bradykinesia, rest tremor, rigidity and loss of postural reflexes) are the most characteristic sign...

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Main Author: Csaba Váradi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2020-05-01
Series:Biology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/9/5/103
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spelling doaj-437996e8d22f4475990616cd4bee229f2020-11-25T02:12:13ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372020-05-01910310310.3390/biology9050103Clinical Features of Parkinson’s Disease: The Evolution of Critical SymptomsCsaba Váradi0Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Miskolc, 3515 Miskolc, HungaryParkinson’s disease (PD) is a multi-attribute neurodegenerative disorder combining motor and nonmotor symptoms without well-defined diagnostic clinical markers. The presence of primary motor features (bradykinesia, rest tremor, rigidity and loss of postural reflexes) are the most characteristic signs of PD that are also utilized to identify patients in current clinical practice. The successful implementation of levodopa treatment revealed that nonmotor features are the main contributors of patient disability in PD, and their occurrence might be earlier than motor symptoms during disease progression. Targeted detection of prodromal PD symptoms can open up new possibilities in the identification of PD patients and provide potential patient populations for developing novel neuroprotective therapies. In this review, the evolution of critical features in PD diagnosis is described with special attention to nonmotor symptoms and their possible detection.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/9/5/103Parkinson’s diseaseneurodegenerationLewy bodyoxidative stressclinical criteria
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Csaba Váradi
spellingShingle Csaba Váradi
Clinical Features of Parkinson’s Disease: The Evolution of Critical Symptoms
Biology
Parkinson’s disease
neurodegeneration
Lewy body
oxidative stress
clinical criteria
author_facet Csaba Váradi
author_sort Csaba Váradi
title Clinical Features of Parkinson’s Disease: The Evolution of Critical Symptoms
title_short Clinical Features of Parkinson’s Disease: The Evolution of Critical Symptoms
title_full Clinical Features of Parkinson’s Disease: The Evolution of Critical Symptoms
title_fullStr Clinical Features of Parkinson’s Disease: The Evolution of Critical Symptoms
title_full_unstemmed Clinical Features of Parkinson’s Disease: The Evolution of Critical Symptoms
title_sort clinical features of parkinson’s disease: the evolution of critical symptoms
publisher MDPI AG
series Biology
issn 2079-7737
publishDate 2020-05-01
description Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a multi-attribute neurodegenerative disorder combining motor and nonmotor symptoms without well-defined diagnostic clinical markers. The presence of primary motor features (bradykinesia, rest tremor, rigidity and loss of postural reflexes) are the most characteristic signs of PD that are also utilized to identify patients in current clinical practice. The successful implementation of levodopa treatment revealed that nonmotor features are the main contributors of patient disability in PD, and their occurrence might be earlier than motor symptoms during disease progression. Targeted detection of prodromal PD symptoms can open up new possibilities in the identification of PD patients and provide potential patient populations for developing novel neuroprotective therapies. In this review, the evolution of critical features in PD diagnosis is described with special attention to nonmotor symptoms and their possible detection.
topic Parkinson’s disease
neurodegeneration
Lewy body
oxidative stress
clinical criteria
url https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/9/5/103
work_keys_str_mv AT csabavaradi clinicalfeaturesofparkinsonsdiseasetheevolutionofcriticalsymptoms
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