“Chiclero’s Ulcer” Due to <i>Leishmania mexicana</i> in Travelers Returning from Central America: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

• Main Authors: Carole Eldin, Coralie l’Ollivier, Stephane Ranque, Philippe Gautret, Philippe Parola
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2021-08-01
• Series: Pathogens
• Subjects: <i>Leishmania mexicana</i>; Chicleros; diagnosis; treatment
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/9/1112

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) due to a New World species of Leishmania is increasingly seen among returning international travelers, and most cases arise from travel to Mexico, Central and South America. We described a case of CL in a women presenting a nonhealing ulceration under her right ear with slight increase of size of the left parotid gland under the skin lesion, evolving for 4 months. In her history of travel, she reported a ten-day stay in Mexico during the Christmas vacation in the Yucatan region with only half a day walking in the tropical forest. Diagnosis of CL due to <i>Leishmania mexicana</i> was done via PCR detection and sequencing from swab sampling of the lesion. The patient recovered without antiparasitic treatment. Clinicians should consider diagnosing Chiclero’s ulcer in patients returning from endemic areas such as Central America and Texas who present with chronic ulceration. A noninvasive sampling is sufficient for the PCR-based diagnosis of this disease.