All-Trans Retinoic Acid Promotes an M1- to M2-Phenotype Shift and Inhibits Macrophage-Mediated Immunity to Leishmania major

All-Trans Retinoic Acid Promotes an M1- to M2-Phenotype Shift and Inhibits Macrophage-Mediated Immunity to Leishmania major

As key cells, able to host and kill Leishmania parasites, inflammatory monocytes/macrophages are potential vaccine and therapeutic targets to improve immune responses in Leishmaniasis. Macrophage phenotypes range from M1, which express NO-mediated microbial killing, to M2 macrophages that might help...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Natália S. Vellozo, Sâmara T. Pereira-Marques, Mariela P. Cabral-Piccin, Alessandra A. Filardy, Flávia L. Ribeiro-Gomes, Thaís S. Rigoni, George A. DosReis, Marcela F. Lopes
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2017-11-01
Series:Frontiers in Immunology
Subjects:
all-trans retinoic acid
alternatively activated macrophage
classically activated macrophage
Leishmaniasis
nitric oxide
parasite infection
Online Access:http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2017.01560/full

Internet

http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2017.01560/full

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