| Summary: | The present-day Russian society is undergoing profound structural social and cultural transformations.
The existence of the Russian society and the relevance of problems of science and
education are playing a key role in the present-day social and economic environment. A high level
of skills acts as the main source of material prosperity and advancement of the Russian science
and culture.
This level is attainable through the involvement of universities and the professional education
that they provide, namely, professional training at universities. Undoubtedly, it is necessary to
improve the quality of teaching and science management at undergraduate and graduate levels.
In addition, there is a pressing need to develop and to implement a youth research policy and to
consider the problems of youth within its framework. Third, there is a need to decide on the postponement
of the army service for full-time students and postgraduates. Fourth, there is a need to
reconsider the remuneration.
The research work of graduate students in a specialized field of knowledge is based on the
foundation of general knowledge, including the philosophy of science. The study of philosophy and
philosophy of science facilitates the development of skills of young researchers and their heuristic
thinking. Researchers specializing in the philosophy of science should focus on the new areas in
their research and generate a new vision of their own problems to refocus the mode of thinking of a
young scientist. Currently, besides the growing complexity of the post-graduate research that serves
as the reason for (i) the growing need for its information support, (ii) its longer duration, and (iii)
the need for sophisticated process equipment required for experimental studies, profound changes
in the relationship between theoretical and applied knowledge and domination of the former are
underway. The centre of gravity is transferred into the sphere of the sciences of man and society.
Whoever believes that his or her objective is to to link their lives with the science of the XXI
century, whoever thinks about developing new technologies, increasing the production rate and
the economic well-being of our society as a whole, must, above all, understand that he or she is
dependent not only on the laws of the market, but on the will to live a life the main value of which is
a harmonious development of a personality, human rights, social stability, and education rather that
the profit generation.
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