S. mansoni bolsters anti-viral immunity in the murine respiratory tract.

The human intestinal parasite Schistosoma mansoni causes a chronic disease, schistosomiasis or bilharzia. According to the current literature, the parasite induces vigorous immune responses that are controlled by Th2 helper cells at the expense of Th1 helper cells. The latter cell type is, however,...

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Main Authors: Sebastian Scheer, Christine Krempl, Carsten Kallfass, Stefanie Frey, Thilo Jakob, Gabriel Mouahid, Hélène Moné, Annette Schmitt-Gräff, Peter Staeheli, Marinus C Lamers
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4232382?pdf=render
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spelling doaj-42c063cf76fd4e8886823162488872812020-11-24T21:39:31ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032014-01-01911e11246910.1371/journal.pone.0112469S. mansoni bolsters anti-viral immunity in the murine respiratory tract.Sebastian ScheerChristine KremplCarsten KallfassStefanie FreyThilo JakobGabriel MouahidHélène MonéAnnette Schmitt-GräffPeter StaeheliMarinus C LamersThe human intestinal parasite Schistosoma mansoni causes a chronic disease, schistosomiasis or bilharzia. According to the current literature, the parasite induces vigorous immune responses that are controlled by Th2 helper cells at the expense of Th1 helper cells. The latter cell type is, however, indispensable for anti-viral immune responses. Remarkably, there is no reliable literature among 230 million patients worldwide describing defective anti-viral immune responses in the upper respiratory tract, for instance against influenza A virus or against respiratory syncitial virus (RSV). We therefore re-examined the immune response to a human isolate of S. mansoni and challenged mice in the chronic phase of schistosomiasis with influenza A virus, or with pneumonia virus of mice (PVM), a mouse virus to model RSV infections. We found that mice with chronic schistosomiasis had significant, systemic immune responses induced by Th1, Th2, and Th17 helper cells. High serum levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-5, IL-13, IL-2, IL-17, and GM-CSF were found after mating and oviposition. The lungs of diseased mice showed low-grade inflammation, with goblet cell hyperplasia and excessive mucus secretion, which was alleviated by treatment with an anti-TNF-α agent (Etanercept). Mice with chronic schistosomiasis were to a relative, but significant extent protected from a secondary viral respiratory challenge. The protection correlated with the onset of oviposition and TNF-α-mediated goblet cell hyperplasia and mucus secretion, suggesting that these mechanisms are involved in enhanced immune protection to respiratory viruses during chronic murine schistosomiasis. Indeed, also in a model of allergic airway inflammation mice were protected from a viral respiratory challenge with PVM.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4232382?pdf=render
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Sebastian Scheer
Christine Krempl
Carsten Kallfass
Stefanie Frey
Thilo Jakob
Gabriel Mouahid
Hélène Moné
Annette Schmitt-Gräff
Peter Staeheli
Marinus C Lamers
spellingShingle Sebastian Scheer
Christine Krempl
Carsten Kallfass
Stefanie Frey
Thilo Jakob
Gabriel Mouahid
Hélène Moné
Annette Schmitt-Gräff
Peter Staeheli
Marinus C Lamers
S. mansoni bolsters anti-viral immunity in the murine respiratory tract.
PLoS ONE
author_facet Sebastian Scheer
Christine Krempl
Carsten Kallfass
Stefanie Frey
Thilo Jakob
Gabriel Mouahid
Hélène Moné
Annette Schmitt-Gräff
Peter Staeheli
Marinus C Lamers
author_sort Sebastian Scheer
title S. mansoni bolsters anti-viral immunity in the murine respiratory tract.
title_short S. mansoni bolsters anti-viral immunity in the murine respiratory tract.
title_full S. mansoni bolsters anti-viral immunity in the murine respiratory tract.
title_fullStr S. mansoni bolsters anti-viral immunity in the murine respiratory tract.
title_full_unstemmed S. mansoni bolsters anti-viral immunity in the murine respiratory tract.
title_sort s. mansoni bolsters anti-viral immunity in the murine respiratory tract.
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
series PLoS ONE
issn 1932-6203
publishDate 2014-01-01
description The human intestinal parasite Schistosoma mansoni causes a chronic disease, schistosomiasis or bilharzia. According to the current literature, the parasite induces vigorous immune responses that are controlled by Th2 helper cells at the expense of Th1 helper cells. The latter cell type is, however, indispensable for anti-viral immune responses. Remarkably, there is no reliable literature among 230 million patients worldwide describing defective anti-viral immune responses in the upper respiratory tract, for instance against influenza A virus or against respiratory syncitial virus (RSV). We therefore re-examined the immune response to a human isolate of S. mansoni and challenged mice in the chronic phase of schistosomiasis with influenza A virus, or with pneumonia virus of mice (PVM), a mouse virus to model RSV infections. We found that mice with chronic schistosomiasis had significant, systemic immune responses induced by Th1, Th2, and Th17 helper cells. High serum levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-5, IL-13, IL-2, IL-17, and GM-CSF were found after mating and oviposition. The lungs of diseased mice showed low-grade inflammation, with goblet cell hyperplasia and excessive mucus secretion, which was alleviated by treatment with an anti-TNF-α agent (Etanercept). Mice with chronic schistosomiasis were to a relative, but significant extent protected from a secondary viral respiratory challenge. The protection correlated with the onset of oviposition and TNF-α-mediated goblet cell hyperplasia and mucus secretion, suggesting that these mechanisms are involved in enhanced immune protection to respiratory viruses during chronic murine schistosomiasis. Indeed, also in a model of allergic airway inflammation mice were protected from a viral respiratory challenge with PVM.
url http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4232382?pdf=render
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