Association between antiretrovirals and thyroid diseases: a cross-sectional study

• Main Authors: Guilherme Almeida Rosa da Silva, Mayra Christina Teixeira Andrade, Daniel de Alvarenga Salém Sugui, Rafael Fernandes Nunes, Jorge Francisco da Cunha Pinto, Walter de Araujo Eyer Silva, Fernando Raphael de Almeida Ferry, Marcelo Costa Velho Mendes de Azevedo, Rogerio Neves Motta
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism
• Series: Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism
• Subjects: AIDS; stavudine; immune reconstitution; thyroid diseases; hypothyroidism
• Online Access: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2359-39972015000200116&lng=en&tlng=en

Objective This study aims to estimate the prevalence of thyroid diseases and anti-TPO status. We searched for an association among presence of immune reconstitution and use of stavudine, didanosine and protease inhibitors with thyroid diseases. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was performed to analyze the records of 117 HIV-infected patients who had their CD4+ cell count, viral load, anti-TPO, TSH and free T4 levels collected on the same day. Immune reconstitution was considered in those whose T CD4+ count was below 200 cells/mm3, but these values increased above 200 cells/mm3 after the use of antiretrovirals. The odds ratio obtained by a 2x2 contingency table and a chi-square test were used to measure the association between categorical variables. Results The prevalence of thyroid disease was 34.18%; of these, 4.34% were positive for anti-TPO. There was an association of risk between stavudine use and subclinical hypothyroidism (OR = 4.19, 95% CI: 1.29 to 13.59, X2 = 6.37, p = 0.01). Immune reconstitution achieved protection associated with thyroid disease that was near statistical significance OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.19 to 1.04, X2 = 3.55, p = 0.059. Conclusion The prevalence of thyroid disease in the sample studied was higher than what had been found in the literature, with a low positive anti-TPO frequency. The historical use of stavudine has an association of risk for the presence of subclinical hypothyroidism, and immune reconstitution has trends towards protection for the presence of thyroid diseases.