| Summary: | From the beginning of Arab spring in the region and along with political developments in Egypt, Libya, Yemen, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, and Jordan, Syria has experienced interior unrests. Unlike Egypt, Libya, and Yemen which undergone a rapid regime change, Syria is witnessing an interior war between the army and oppositions groups. As a result, thousands of people have leaved their home, and an inordinate number of civilians were killed. This war also leads to the destruction of the country infrastructures. This study was mainly concerned with exploring what underlying reasons sparked the unrests in Syria. It also endeavors, reviewing the course of events, to predict what will happen in Syria after when “Bashar Asad” is ousted from power. The research hypothesis is that racialism and one-party structure, along with crises like unemployment, class cleavages,
widespread corruption, and the Syrian’s dissatisfaction gave rise to participation and legitimacy crisis. This study employed historical sociology approach and a qualitative method in examine the factors involved in the Syrian crisis. This study argues that while there is no
hope that “Bashar Asad” will continue his ruling, there is little hope that democracy will emerge.
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