Expression of Toll-like receptors on peripheral blood cells by uveitis of various genesis

• Main Authors: N. A. Gavrilova, N. S. Gadzhieva, Z. G. Ivanova, A. M. Sapozhnikov, L. M. Kanevskiy, David A. Howe
• Format: Article
• Language: Russian
• Published: Publishing house "Ophthalmology" 2016-01-01
• Series: Офтальмохирургия
• Subjects: toll-like receptors; uveitis; peripheral blood cells; flow-cytometric analysis
• Online Access: https://www.ophthalmosurgery.ru/jour/article/view/210
• ISSN: 0235-4160; 2312-4970

In the pathogenesis of uveitis the immune reactivity of the organism, which includes links of congenital and acquired (adaptive) immunity plays an important role. The congenital immune system forms a first line of defense towards pathogenic agents, penetrating into the human body. Implementation of specificity innate immune system falls into a family of evolutionarily conserved receptors, known as Toll-like receptors (TLR), which play a crucial role in the early protection of the organism against pathogens.Purpose. To study and carry out comparative characteristics of different types of expression of Toll-like receptors on peripheral blood cells in the control and uveitis of various etiologies.Material and methods. The study involved 15 patients (7 male and 8 female) aged 25-54 years, with a diagnosis of acute or exacerbation of chronic uveitis of various etiologies. The control group consisted of healthy persons aged 23-27 years – 12 individuals. The level of expression of Toll-like receptor was evaluated by the flow-cytometric analysis of leukocytes stainedaccording to the standard protocols by fluorescently-labeled antibodies (HyCult Biotech, The Netherlands) to the superficial (TLR2, TLR4, TLR6) or i ntracellular (TLR3, TLR9) receptors.Results. The obtained results were statistically significant in the reduction of the TLR2 expression on B lymphocytes and monocytes (p=0.02 and 0.014, respectively) more than two-times; TLR4 and TLR6 – on monocytes (p=0.01 and 0.047, respectively) in patients with infectious-toxic uveitis. In patients with severe autoimmune uveitis (6 individuals) the TLR expression differed by the polymorphism and tended to an increase compared to the control.Conclusion. In infectious uveitis the most toxic pathogenetic importance is a significant inhibition of the TLR2, TLR4 and TLR6 expression on peripheral blood monocytes, that is probably due to the excessive stimulation of Toll-like receptors by exogenous ligands prior to or at the onset of the disease, and the development of state of hyposensitivity of Toll-like receptors, as a defensive reaction of the uvea from the hyperinflammation. There are required further studies of character of Toll-like receptors expression in uveitis remission in order to assess the influence of inflammatory activity and drug therapy on the TLR expression.