| Summary: | Background. The use of lasers is one of the promising directions in the development of therapy and surgery. The effect of low-intensity laser radiation (LR) in therapeutic doses activates regenerative processes in tissues, which allows stimulating regeneration processes due to the intensification of microcirculation of metabolic processes and also has an effect on neuro-reflex and humoral pain mechanisms and on pain receptors. There is a need to clearly establish the LR parameters that are important in the development and receipt of effective results of therapy. Diagnostics in vivo allows getting the opposite answer about the reaction of the body to radiation with different dose indicators, power density and wavelength without damaging the biological tissue.
Objective. Since laser devices are used for many physiotherapeutic and diagnostic procedures, for the correct application of low-intensity LR, it is necessary to take into account all the structural features of the influence zone, as an example, human skin and the processes of interaction of this LR with layers of biological tissues. Under the influence of LR begins the course of a wide range of photophysical and photochemical changes, occurs the temperature rise on the surface of the irradiated skin and physicochemical transformations. The main purpose of the work was to determine the dynamics of changes in the temperature of the skin under the influence of LR.
Methods. It was justified the use of mathematical dependence to determine the required dose of LR and a mathematical model for calculating the change in skin temperature under the influence of LR. An experiment was performed comparing the results of the calculation by mathematical model and the results of the experiment on the LR influence with wavelengths of 0.66 μm, 0.63 μm, and 0.46 μm on the nature and dynamics of temperature processes in the upper layers of the skin.
Results. As a general result, data on the dynamics of changes in the temperature of the skin under the influence of LR are obtained. The results of the experiments and their comparison with the calculations of the mathematical model showed that there is a dependence of the temperature change on the structure and parameters of biological tissue, the power density of the LR, the radiation dose and the exposure time.
Conclusions.According to the results of the work, it was concluded that a higher intensity of heat removal occurs in the skin of living tissues. This is mainly due to the microcirculation of organic liquids and blood.
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