The Endothelial Glycocalyx and Organ Preservation—From Physiology to Possible Clinical Implications for Solid Organ Transplantation

The Endothelial Glycocalyx and Organ Preservation—From Physiology to Possible Clinical Implications for Solid Organ Transplantation

The endothelial glycocalyx is a thin layer consisting of proteoglycans, glycoproteins and glycosaminoglycans that lines the luminal side of vascular endothelial cells. It acts as a barrier and contributes to the maintenance of vascular homeostasis and microperfusion. During solid organ transplantati...

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Main Authors: Simon Mathis, Gabriel Putzer, Stefan Schneeberger, Judith Martini
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-04-01
Series:International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Subjects:
glycocalyx
syndecan-1
heparan sulfate
solid organ transplantation
static cold storage
normothermic machine perfusion
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/8/4019
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spelling doaj-41206faf9dda4f4bb4c1625c75533d522021-04-13T23:06:32ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-04-01224019401910.3390/ijms22084019The Endothelial Glycocalyx and Organ Preservation—From Physiology to Possible Clinical Implications for Solid Organ TransplantationSimon Mathis0Gabriel Putzer1Stefan Schneeberger2Judith Martini3Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Visceral, Transplant and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, AustriaThe endothelial glycocalyx is a thin layer consisting of proteoglycans, glycoproteins and glycosaminoglycans that lines the luminal side of vascular endothelial cells. It acts as a barrier and contributes to the maintenance of vascular homeostasis and microperfusion. During solid organ transplantation, the endothelial glycocalyx of the graft is damaged as part of Ischemia Reperfusion Injury (IRI), which is associated with impaired organ function. Although several substances are known to mitigate glycocalyx damage, it has not been possible to use these substances during graft storage on ice. Normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) emerges as an alternative technology for organ preservation and allows for organ evaluation, but also offers the possibility to treat and thus improve organ quality during storage. This review highlights the current knowledge on glycocalyx injury during organ transplantation, presents ways to protect the endothelial glycocalyx and discusses potential glycocalyx protection strategies during normothermic machine perfusion.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/8/4019glycocalyxsyndecan-1heparan sulfatesolid organ transplantationstatic cold storagenormothermic machine perfusion
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Simon Mathis
Gabriel Putzer
Stefan Schneeberger
Judith Martini
spellingShingle Simon Mathis
Gabriel Putzer
Stefan Schneeberger
Judith Martini
The Endothelial Glycocalyx and Organ Preservation—From Physiology to Possible Clinical Implications for Solid Organ Transplantation
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
glycocalyx
syndecan-1
heparan sulfate
solid organ transplantation
static cold storage
normothermic machine perfusion
author_facet Simon Mathis
Gabriel Putzer
Stefan Schneeberger
Judith Martini
author_sort Simon Mathis
title The Endothelial Glycocalyx and Organ Preservation—From Physiology to Possible Clinical Implications for Solid Organ Transplantation
title_short The Endothelial Glycocalyx and Organ Preservation—From Physiology to Possible Clinical Implications for Solid Organ Transplantation
title_full The Endothelial Glycocalyx and Organ Preservation—From Physiology to Possible Clinical Implications for Solid Organ Transplantation
title_fullStr The Endothelial Glycocalyx and Organ Preservation—From Physiology to Possible Clinical Implications for Solid Organ Transplantation
title_full_unstemmed The Endothelial Glycocalyx and Organ Preservation—From Physiology to Possible Clinical Implications for Solid Organ Transplantation
title_sort endothelial glycocalyx and organ preservation—from physiology to possible clinical implications for solid organ transplantation
publisher MDPI AG
series International Journal of Molecular Sciences
issn 1661-6596
1422-0067
publishDate 2021-04-01
description The endothelial glycocalyx is a thin layer consisting of proteoglycans, glycoproteins and glycosaminoglycans that lines the luminal side of vascular endothelial cells. It acts as a barrier and contributes to the maintenance of vascular homeostasis and microperfusion. During solid organ transplantation, the endothelial glycocalyx of the graft is damaged as part of Ischemia Reperfusion Injury (IRI), which is associated with impaired organ function. Although several substances are known to mitigate glycocalyx damage, it has not been possible to use these substances during graft storage on ice. Normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) emerges as an alternative technology for organ preservation and allows for organ evaluation, but also offers the possibility to treat and thus improve organ quality during storage. This review highlights the current knowledge on glycocalyx injury during organ transplantation, presents ways to protect the endothelial glycocalyx and discusses potential glycocalyx protection strategies during normothermic machine perfusion.
topic glycocalyx
syndecan-1
heparan sulfate
solid organ transplantation
static cold storage
normothermic machine perfusion
url https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/8/4019
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