Assessments of Amino Acids, Ammonia and Oxidative Stress Among Cohort of Egyptian Autistic Children: Correlations with Electroencephalogram and Disease Severity

• Main Authors: Saleem TH, Shehata GA, Toghan R, Sakhr HM, Bakri AH, Desoky T, Hamdan FRA, Mohamed NF, Hassan MH
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dove Medical Press 2020-01-01
• Series: Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment
• Subjects: amino acid profiles; ammonia; oxidative stress; electroencephalogram; autism; cars; egyptian children.
• Online Access: https://www.dovepress.com/assessments-of-amino-acids-ammonia-and-oxidative-stress-among-cohort-o-peer-reviewed-article-NDT

Tahia H Saleem,1 Ghaydaa Ahmed Shehata,2 Rana Toghan,3 Hala M Sakhr,4 Ali Helmi Bakri,4 Tarek Desoky,5 Fatma Rabea A Hamdan,3 Nesma Foaud Mohamed,6 Mohammed H Hassan6 1Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt; 2Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt; 3Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt; 4Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt; 5Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt; 6Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, EgyptCorrespondence: Mohammed H HassanDepartment of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, EgyptTel [phone]Email [e-mail]: The current study aimed to assess the profiles of plasma amino acids, serum ammonia and oxidative stress status among autistic children in terms of electroencephalogram findings and clinical severity among the cohort of autistic Egyptian children.Patients and methods: The present study included 118 Egyptian children categorized into 54 children with autism who were comparable with 64 healthy controls. Clinical assessments of cases were performed using CARS in addition to EEG records. Plasma amino acids were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), while, serum ammonia and oxidative stress markers were measured using colorimetric methods for all included children.Results: The overall results revealed that 37.04% of cases had abnormal EEG findings. Amino acid profile in autistic children showed statistically significant lower levels of aspartic acid, glycine, β-alanine, tryptophan, lysine and proline amino acids with significantly higher asparagine amino acid derivative levels among autistic patients versus the control group (p˂0.05). There were significantly higher serum ammonia levels with significantly higher total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) values among the included autistic children vs controls (p˂0.05). There were significantly negative correlations between CARS with aspartic acid (r=−0.269, P=0.049), arginine (r= - 0.286, p= 0.036), and TAS (r= −0.341, p= 0.012), and significantly positive correlations between CARS with TOS (r=0.360, p= 0.007) and OSI (r= 0.338, p= 0.013).Conclusion: Dysregulated amino acid metabolism, high ammonia and oxidative stress were prevalent among autistic children and should be considered in autism management. Still EEG records were inconclusive among autistic children, although may be helpful in assessment autism severity.Keywords: amino acid profiles, ammonia, oxidative stress, electroencephalogram, autism, CARS, Egyptian children