Influence of rare earth ion substitutions on the structural, optical, transport, dielectric, and magnetic properties of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles

• Main Authors: R. M. Kershi, F. M. Ali, M. A. Sayed
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: SpringerOpen 2018-10-01
• Series: Journal of Advanced Ceramics
• Subjects: superparamgnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs); rare earth (RE) ions; structure; optical and activation energies; electrical conductivity; dielectric constant
• Online Access: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40145-018-0273-5

Abstract Superparamgnetic Fe3O4 and RE:Fe3O4 (RE = Dy, Nd, La) nanoparticles with an average crystallite size in the range of 15–24 nm, were synthesized by co-precipitation method. The samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), UV–Vis spectroscopy, LCR bridge, and two-probe technique. X-ray diffraction patterns of all the investigated samples reveal the typical phase of magnetite structure, with a small contribution of orthoferrite (NdFeO3) as a secondary phase in Nd:Fe3O4 sample. The saturation magnetization (M s) of the samples has values in the range from 41.8 to 52.3 emu/g, and decreases with RE ion doping depending on the ionic radius. Negligible values of the coercivity H c and remanence M r, indicate the superparamagnetic nature of the investigated samples. The calculated values of indirect optical band gap of Fe3O4 and RE:Fe3O4 nanoparticles are in the range of 0.9–1.25 eV. The dielectric constant of the samples decreases, while their activation energy increases with the increasing of ionic radii of dopants.